diagnosis_and_treatment.id,diagnosis_and_treatment.ts,diagnosis_and_treatment.title,diagnosis_and_treatment.diagnosis,diagnosis_and_treatment.treatment,diagnosis_and_treatment.clinical_trials,diagnosis_and_treatment.lifestyle_and_home_remedies,diagnosis_and_treatment.preparing_for_your_appointment
101,"2018-02-01 20:33:13","Broken ankle/broken foot","During the physical exam, your doctor will check for points of tenderness in your foot and ankle. The precise location of your pain can help determine its cause. He or she may move your foot into different positions, to check your range of motion. You may","Treatments for a broken ankle or broken foot will vary, depending on which bone has been broken and the severity of the injury. MedicationsYour doctor may recommend an over-the-counter pain reliever, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol, others). TherapyAfter y","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"You will likely initially seek treatment for a broken ankle or broken foot in an emergency room or urgent care clinic. If the pieces of broken bone aren't lined up properly for healing, you may be referred to a doctor specializing in orthopedic surgery. W"
102,"2018-02-01 20:33:16","Sprained ankle","During a physical, your doctor will examine your ankle, foot and lower leg. The doctor will touch the skin around the injury to check for points of tenderness and move your foot to check the range of motion and to understand what positions cause discomfor","Treatment for a sprained ankle depends on the severity of your injury. The treatment goals are to reduce pain and swelling, promote healing of the ligament, and restore function of the ankle. For severe injuries, you may be referred to a specialist in mus",,,"Schedule an appointment or get emergency medical care for suspected sprains that don't respond to self-care strategies or that cause continued pain or instability. If your sprain is severe, you may be referred to a doctor who specializes in sports medicin"
103,"2018-02-01 20:33:17","Tongue-tie (ankyloglossia)","Tongue-tie is typically diagnosed during a physical exam. For infants, the doctor might use a screening tool to score various aspects of the tongue's appearance and ability to move.","Tongue-tieTongue-tieTongue-tie (ankyloglossia) is a condition in which an unusually short, thick or tight band of tissue (lingual frenulum) tethers the bottom of the tongue's tip to the floor of the mouth. If necessary, tongue-tie can be treated with a su",,,"Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment and know what to expect from your doctor. What you can do Prepare a list of questions to help you make the most of your time with the doctor. For tongue-tie, you might ask: How severe is t"
104,"2018-02-01 20:33:20","Ankylosing spondylitis","During the physical exam, your doctor might ask you to bend in different directions to test the range of motion in your spine. He or she might try to reproduce your pain by pressing on specific portions of your pelvis or by moving your legs into a particu","The goal of treatment is to relieve your pain and stiffness, and prevent or delay complications and spinal deformity. Ankylosing spondylitis treatment is most successful before the disease causes irreversible damage to your joints. MedicationsNonsteroidal","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","Besides seeing your doctor regularly and taking your medications as prescribed, here are some things you can do to help your condition. Stay active. Exercise can help ease pain, maintain flexibility and improve your posture. Apply heat and cold. Heat appl","You might first bring your symptoms to the attention of your family doctor. He or she may refer you to a doctor who specializes in inflammatory disorders (rheumatologist). Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment. What you can do"
105,"2018-02-01 20:33:22","Anorexia nervosa","If your doctor suspects that you have anorexia nervosa, he or she will typically run several tests and exams to help pinpoint a diagnosis, rule out medical causes for the weight loss, and check for any related complications. These exams and tests generall","When you have anorexia nervosa, you may need several types of treatment. Treatment is generally done using a team approach that includes medical providers, mental health providers and dietitians, all with experience in eating disorders. Ongoing therapy an","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","When you have anorexia nervosa, it can be difficult to take care of yourself properly. In addition to professional treatment, follow these steps: Stick to your treatment plan. Don't skip therapy sessions and try not to stray from meal plans, even if they ","Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment and know what to expect from your doctor and other health providers. What you can doBefore your appointment, make a list of: Any symptoms you're experiencing, including any that may seem u"
106,"2018-02-01 20:33:26",Anorgasmia,"A medical evaluation for anorgasmia usually consists of: A thorough medical history. Your doctor may ask about your sexual history, surgical history and current relationship. Don't let embarrassment stop you from giving candid answers. These questions pro","Anorgasmia can be difficult to treat. Your treatment plan will depend on the underlying cause of your symptoms, but your doctor may recommend a combination of lifestyle changes, therapy and medication. Lifestyle changes and therapy For most women, a key p",,,"If you rarely or never experience orgasm from sexual activity and it distresses you, make an appointment with your doctor. Your regular doctor may diagnose and treat the problem or refer you to a specialist who can. You may feel embarrassed to talk about "
107,"2018-02-01 20:33:28","Anterior prolapse (cystocele)","Diagnosis of anterior prolapse may involve: A pelvic exam. You may be examined while lying down and while standing up. During the exam, your doctor looks for a tissue bulge into your vagina that indicates pelvic organ prolapse. You'll likely be asked to b","Types of pessariesTypes of pessariesPessaries come in many shapes and sizes. The device fits into your vagina and provides support to vaginal tissues displaced by pelvic organ prolapse. Your doctor can fit you for a pessary and help you decide which type ","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","Kegel exercises strengthen your pelvic floor muscles, which support the uterus, bladder and bowel. A strengthened pelvic floor provides better support for your pelvic organs and relief from symptoms associated with anterior prolapse. To perform Kegel exer","Make an appointment with your family doctor or gynecologist if you have signs or symptoms of anterior prolapse that bother you or interfere with your normal activities. Here's some information to help you prepare for your appointment and know what to expe"
108,"2018-02-01 20:33:31",Anthrax,"Your doctor will first want to rule out other, more common conditions that may be causing your signs and symptoms, such as flu (influenza) or pneumonia. You may have a rapid flu test to quickly diagnose a case of influenza. If other tests are negative, yo","The standard treatment for anthrax is a 60-day course of an antibiotic, such as ciprofloxacin (Cipro) or doxycycline (Monodox, Vibramycin, others). Which single antibiotic or combination of antibiotics will be most effective for you depends on how you wer",,,"Symptoms of anthrax often come on suddenly and can be very serious. If you've been exposed to anthrax or develop symptoms after a possible exposure, immediately go to the emergency room. If your situation is less urgent, set up an appointment with your do"
109,"2018-02-01 20:33:33","Pseudomembranous colitis","Tests and procedures used to diagnose pseudomembranous colitis and to search for complications include: Stool sample. There are a number of different stool sample tests used to detect C. difficile infection of the colon. Blood tests. These may reveal an a","Treatment strategies include: Stopping the antibiotic or other medication that's thought to be causing your signs and symptoms, if possible. Sometimes, this may be enough to resolve your condition or at least ease signs, such as diarrhea. Starting an anti",,"Some research suggests that concentrated supplements of good bacteria and yeasts (probiotics) can help prevent C. difficile infection, but more studies are needed for their use in treating recurrences. They are safe to use and available in capsule or liqu","Your primary care doctor can usually treat pseudomembranous colitis. Based on your signs and symptoms, you may be referred to a specialist in digestive diseases (gastroenterologist). If your signs and symptoms are particularly severe, you may be told to s"
110,"2018-02-01 20:33:37","Antibiotic-associated diarrhea","To diagnose antibiotic-associated diarrhea, your doctor is likely to question you about your health history, including whether you've had recent antibiotic treatments.","Treatment for antibiotic-associated diarrhea depends on the severity of your signs and symptoms. Treatments to cope with mild antibiotic-associated diarrheaIf you have mild diarrhea, your symptoms likely will clear up within a few days after your antibiot",,"To cope with diarrhea: Drink enough fluids. To counter a mild loss of fluids from diarrhea, drink more water. For a more-severe loss, drink fluids that contain water, sugar and salt. Try broth or watered fruit juice. Avoid beverages that are high in sugar","Make an appointment with the doctor who prescribed the antibiotic. Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment. What you can doMake a list of: Your symptoms, including any that may seem unrelated to the reason for which you schedule"
111,"2018-02-01 20:33:40","Antiphospholipid syndrome","If you have one or more episodes of thrombosis or pregnancy loss that aren't explained by known health conditions, your doctor can schedule blood tests to check for abnormal clotting and for the presence of antibodies to phospholipids. To confirm a diagno","Doctors generally use medications that reduce your blood's tendency to clot to help prevent complications of antiphospholipid syndrome. Standard initial treatmentIf you have thrombosis, standard initial treatment involves a combination of blood-thinning (",,"Depending on your treatment plan for antiphospholipid syndrome, there are additional steps you can take to protect your health. If you take anticoagulants Take extra care to keep from injuring yourself and to avoid bleeding. Avoid contact sports or other ","In most cases, complications of antiphospholipid syndrome — such as DVT, stroke or pregnancy loss — will prompt you to seek medical care. Depending on your complication, you'll likely see a specialist in vascular disease, obstetrics or hematology. Here's "
112,"2018-02-01 20:33:42","Antisocial personality disorder","People with antisocial personality disorder are unlikely to believe they need help. However, they may seek help from their health care provider because of other symptoms such as depression, anxiety or angry outbursts or for treatment of substance abuse. P","Though antisocial personality disorder is difficult to treat, for some people, treatment and close follow-up over the long term may be beneficial. Look for medical and mental health professionals with experience in treating antisocial personality disorder",,,"If a medical evaluation rules out physical causes for your behavior, your primary care doctor may make a referral to a psychiatrist. Take a family member or friend along to your appointment, if possible. With your permission, someone who has known you for"
113,"2018-02-01 20:33:45",Anxiety,"You may start by seeing your primary care doctor to find out if your anxiety could be related to your physical health. Your doctor can check for signs of an underlying medical condition that may need treatment. However, you may need to see a mental health","The two main treatments for anxiety disorders are psychotherapy and medications. You may benefit most from a combination of the two. It may take some trial and error to discover which treatments work best for you. PsychotherapyAlso known as talk therapy o","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","While most people with anxiety disorders need psychotherapy or medications to get anxiety under control, lifestyle changes also can make a difference. Here's what you can do: Keep physically active. Develop a routine so that you're physically active most ","You may start by seeing your primary care doctor. He or she may refer you to a mental health professional. What you can doBefore your appointment, make a list of: Your anxiety symptoms. Note when they occur, whether anything seems to make them better or w"
114,"2018-02-01 20:33:49","Generalized anxiety disorder","To help diagnose generalized anxiety disorder, your doctor or mental health professional may: Do a physical exam to look for signs that your anxiety might be linked to medications or an underlying medical condition Order blood or urine tests or other test","Treatment decisions are based on how significantly generalized anxiety disorder is affecting your ability to function in your daily life. The two main treatments for generalized anxiety disorder are psychotherapy and medications. You may benefit most from","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","While most people with anxiety disorders need psychotherapy or medications to get anxiety under control, lifestyle changes also can make a difference. Here's what you can do: Keep physically active. Develop a routine so that you're physically active most ","You may see your primary care doctor, or your doctor may refer you to a mental health professional. Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment. What you can doBefore your appointment, make a list of: Any symptoms you've been experi"
115,"2018-02-01 20:33:52","Social anxiety disorder","Your doctor will want to determine whether other conditions may be causing your anxiety or if you have social anxiety disorder along with another physical or mental health disorder. Your doctor may determine a diagnosis based on: Physical exam to help ass","Treatment depends on how much social anxiety disorder affects your ability to function in daily life. The two most common types of treatment for social anxiety disorder are psychotherapy (also called psychological counseling or talk therapy) or medication",,"Although social anxiety disorder generally requires help from a medical expert or qualified psychotherapist, you can try some of these techniques to handle situations that are likely to trigger your symptoms: Learn stress reduction skills Get physical exe","You may see your primary care doctor, or your doctor may refer you to a mental health professional. Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment. What you can doBefore your appointment, make a list of: Any symptoms you've been experi"
116,"2018-02-01 20:33:57","Coarctation of the aorta","The age at which coarctation of the aorta is diagnosed depends on the severity of the condition. If the aortic coarctation is severe, it's usually diagnosed during infancy. Testing for coarctation of the aorta before birth often isn't possible. Adults and","Treatment options for coarctation of the aorta depend on your age at the time of diagnosis and the severity of your condition. Other heart defects might be repaired at the same time as aortic coarctation. Treatment approaches usually consist of surgery or",,"Although coarctation of the aorta may be repaired, you'll need careful follow-up throughout life in order for doctors to monitor you for complications and recurrences. Your doctor may suggest that you have regular follow-up appointments with a doctor who ","If you or your child develops signs and symptoms common to coarctation of the aorta, call your doctor. After an initial exam, it's likely that the doctor will refer you or your child to a doctor trained in the diagnosis and treatment of heart conditions ("
117,"2018-02-01 20:33:59","Aortic dissection","Detecting an aortic dissection can be tricky because the symptoms are similar to those of a variety of health problems. Doctors often suspect an aortic dissection if the following signs and symptoms are present: Sudden tearing or ripping chest pain Wideni","An aortic dissection is a medical emergency requiring immediate treatment. Therapy may include surgery or medications, depending on the area of the aorta involved. Type A aortic dissectionTreatment for type A aortic dissection may include: Surgery. Surgeo","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,
118,"2018-02-01 20:34:01","Aortic valve disease","To diagnose aortic valve disease, your doctor may review your signs and symptoms, discuss your medical history, and conduct a physical examination. Your doctor may listen to your heart with a stethoscope to determine if you have a heart murmur that may in","Treatment for aortic valve disease depends on the severity of your condition, whether or not you're experiencing signs and symptoms, and if your condition is getting worse. If your symptoms are mild or you aren't experiencing symptoms, your doctor may mon","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","You'll have regular follow-up appointments with your doctor to monitor your condition. Your doctor may suggest you incorporate several heart-healthy lifestyle changes into your life, including: Eating a heart-healthy diet. Eat a variety of fruits and vege","If you think you have aortic valve disease, make an appointment to see your doctor. Here's some information to help you prepare for your appointment. What you can do Be aware of pre-appointment restrictions. When you make the appointment, ask if there's a"
119,"2018-02-01 20:34:04","Aortic valve regurgitation","To diagnose aortic valve regurgitation, your doctor may review your signs and symptoms, discuss your and your family's medical history, and conduct a physical examination. Your doctor may listen to your heart with a stethoscope to determine if you have a ","Treatment of aortic valve regurgitation depends on the severity of your condition, whether you're experiencing signs and symptoms, and if your condition is getting worse. If your symptoms are mild or you aren't experiencing symptoms, your doctor may monit","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","You'll have regular follow-up appointments with your doctor to monitor your condition. While lifestyle changes can't prevent or treat your condition, your doctor might suggest that you incorporate several heart-healthy lifestyle changes into your life. Th","You're likely to start by seeing your family doctor. After your initial appointment, your doctor may refer you to a doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of heart conditions (cardiologist). Here's some information to help you prepare for y"
120,"2018-02-01 20:34:05","Aortic valve stenosis","To diagnose aortic valve stenosis, your doctor may review your signs and symptoms, discuss your medical history, and conduct a physical examination. Your doctor may listen to your heart with a stethoscope to determine if you have a heart murmur that may i","Treatment for aortic valve stenosis depends on the severity of your condition, whether you're experiencing signs and symptoms, and if your condition is getting worse. If your symptoms are mild or you aren't experiencing symptoms, your doctor may monitor y","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","You'll have regular follow-up appointments with your doctor to monitor your condition. You'll need to continue taking all your medications as prescribed. Your doctor may suggest you incorporate several heart-healthy lifestyle changes into your life, inclu","If you think you have aortic valve stenosis, make an appointment to see your doctor. Here's some information to help you prepare for your appointment. What you can do Be aware of pre-appointment restrictions. When you make the appointment, ask if there's "
121,"2018-02-01 20:34:06",Aphasia,"Your doctor will likely give you a physical and a neurological exam, test your strength, feeling and reflexes, and listen to your heart and the vessels in your neck. He or she will likely request an imaging test, usually an MRI, to quickly identify what's","If the brain damage is mild, a person may recover language skills without treatment. However, most people undergo speech and language therapy to rehabilitate their language skills and supplement their communication experiences. Researchers are currently i","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"If your aphasia is due to a stroke or head injury, you'll probably first see an emergency room physician. You'll then see a doctor who specializes in disorders of the nervous system (neurologist), and you may eventually be referred to a speech-language pa"
122,"2018-02-01 20:34:07","Primary progressive aphasia","To diagnose primary progressive aphasia, your doctor will review your symptoms and order tests.Worsening communication difficulty without significant changes in thinking and behavior for a year or two is a hallmark of primary progressive aphasia. Neurolog","Primary progressive aphasia can't be cured, and there are no medications to treat it. However, some therapies might help improve or maintain your ability to communicate and manage your condition. Speech and language therapyWorking with a speech-language p",,,"You might start by seeing your primary care provider. He or she may refer you to a doctor trained in brain and nervous system conditions (neurologist) or a speech-language pathologist. What you can doWhen you make the appointment, ask if there's anything "
123,"2018-02-01 20:34:09","Canker sore","Tests aren't needed to diagnose canker sores. Your doctor or dentist can identify them with a visual exam. In some cases, you may have tests to check for other health problems, especially if your canker sores are severe and ongoing.","Treatment usually isn't necessary for minor canker sores, which tend to clear on their own in a week or two. But large, persistent or unusually painful sores often need medical care. A number of treatment options exist. Mouth rinses If you have several ca",,"To help relieve pain and speed healing, consider these tips: Rinse your mouth. Use salt water or baking soda rinse (dissolve 1 teaspoon of baking soda in 1/2 cup warm water). Dab a small amount of milk of magnesia on your canker sore a few times a day. Av","Your doctor or dentist can diagnose a canker sore based on its appearance. Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment. Information to gather Before your appointment make a list of: Your symptoms, including when they first started a"
124,"2018-02-01 20:34:12","Broken heart syndrome","If your doctor suspects you have broken heart syndrome, he or she will use these exams and tests to make a diagnosis: Personal history and physical exam. In addition to a standard physical exam, your doctor will want to know about your medical history, es","There's no standard treatment for broken heart syndrome. Treatment is similar to treatment for a heart attack until the diagnosis is clear. Most people stay in the hospital while they recover. Once it's clear that broken heart syndrome is the cause of you","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"Broken heart syndrome is usually diagnosed in an emergency or hospital setting, since most people with the condition have symptoms identical to a heart attack. Call 911 or emergency medical help or have someone drive you to an emergency room if you experi"
125,"2018-02-01 20:34:14","Sleep apnea","Your doctor may make an evaluation based on your signs and symptoms or may refer you to a sleep disorder center. There, a sleep specialist can help you decide on your need for further evaluation. Such an evaluation often involves overnight monitoring of y","Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)To eliminate snoring and prevent sleep apnea, your doctor may recommend a device called a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine. A CPAP machine delivers just ","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","In many cases, self-care may be the most appropriate way for you to deal with obstructive sleep apnea and possibly central sleep apnea. Try these tips: Lose excess weight. Even a slight loss in excess weight may help relieve constriction of your throat. S","If you or your partner suspects that you have sleep apnea, you'll probably first see your primary care doctor. However, in some cases when you call to set up an appointment, you may be referred immediately to a sleep specialist. Because appointments can b"
126,"2018-02-01 20:34:16","Sleep apnea, central","Your doctor may make an evaluation based on your signs and symptoms or may refer you to a sleep specialist in a sleep disorder center. A sleep specialist can help you decide on your need for further evaluation. Such an evaluation often involves overnight ","Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)To address central sleep apnea, your doctor may recommend a positive airway pressure machine. Positive airway pressure devices used for central sleep apnea include continu","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"You're likely to start by seeing your primary care doctor. However, you may then be referred to a sleep specialist. Because appointments can be brief and there's often a lot to talk about, it's a good idea to be well-prepared for your appointment. Here's "
127,"2018-02-01 20:34:19","Sleep apnea, obstructive","To diagnose your condition, your doctor may make an evaluation based on your signs and symptoms, an examination, and tests. Your doctor may refer you to a sleep specialist in a sleep center for further evaluation. You'll have a physical examination, and y","Lifestyle changes For milder cases of obstructive sleep apnea, your doctor may recommend lifestyle changes: Lose weight if you're overweight. Exercise regularly. Drink alcohol moderately, if at all, and don't drink several hours before bedtime. Quit smoki","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","In many cases, self-care may be the most appropriate way for you to deal with obstructive sleep apnea. Try these tips: Lose weight. If you're overweight or obese, even a slight loss of excess weight may help relieve constriction of your airway. Losing wei","If you suspect that you have obstructive sleep apnea, you'll likely first see your primary care doctor. However, your doctor may refer you to a sleep specialist. It's a good idea to be well-prepared for your appointment. Here's some information to help yo"
128,"2018-02-01 20:34:22",Appendicitis,"To help diagnose appendicitis, your doctor will likely take a history of your signs and symptoms and examine your abdomen. Tests and procedures used to diagnose appendicitis include: Physical exam to assess your pain. Your doctor may apply gentle pressure","Appendicitis treatment usually involves surgery to remove the inflamed appendix. Before surgery you may be given a dose of antibiotics to prevent infection. Surgery to remove the appendix (appendectomy) Appendectomy can be performed as open surgery using ",,"Expect a few weeks of recovery from an appendectomy, or longer if your appendix burst. To help your body heal: Avoid strenuous activity at first. If your appendectomy was done laparoscopically, limit your activity for three to five days. If you had an ope","Make an appointment with your family doctor or a general practitioner if you have abdominal pain. If you have appendicitis, you'll likely be hospitalized and referred to a surgeon to remove your appendix. Questions your doctor may ask you To help in diagn"
129,"2018-02-01 20:34:24","Viral hemorrhagic fevers","Diagnosing specific viral hemorrhagic fevers in the first few days of illness can be difficult because the initial signs and symptoms — high fever, muscle aches, headaches and extreme fatigue — are common to many other diseases. To help with diagnosis, yo",,,,
130,"2018-02-01 20:34:25","Broken arm","Your doctor will examine your arm for tenderness, swelling, deformity or an open wound. After discussing your symptoms and how you injured yourself, your doctor likely will order X-rays to determine the location and extent of the break. Occasionally, anot","Treatment of a broken arm depends on the type of break. The time needed for healing depends on a variety of factors, including severity of the injury; other conditions, such as diabetes; your age; nutrition; and tobacco and alcohol use. Fractures are clas","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"Depending on the severity of the break, your family doctor or the emergency room physician might refer you or your child to a doctor who specializes in injuries of the body's musculoskeletal system (orthopedic surgeon). What you can doMake a list that inc"
131,"2018-02-01 20:34:28","Heart arrhythmias","To diagnose a heart arrhythmia, your doctor will review your symptoms and your medical history and conduct a physical examination. Your doctor may ask about — or test for — conditions that may trigger your arrhythmia, such as heart disease or a problem wi","If you have an arrhythmia, treatment may or may not be necessary. Usually, it's required only if the arrhythmia is causing significant symptoms or if it's putting you at risk of a more serious arrhythmia or arrhythmia complication. Treating slow heartbeat","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","Your doctor may suggest that, in addition to other treatments, you make lifestyle changes that will keep your heart as healthy as possible. These lifestyle changes may include: Eat heart-healthy foods. Eat a healthy diet that's low in salt and solid fats ","If you think you may have a heart arrhythmia, make an appointment with your family doctor. If a heart arrhythmia is found early, your treatment may be easier and more effective. Eventually, however, you may be referred to a doctor trained in heart conditi"
132,"2018-02-01 20:34:30","Arteriosclerosis / atherosclerosis","During a physical exam, your doctor may find signs of narrowed, enlarged or hardened arteries, including: A weak or absent pulse below the narrowed area of your artery Decreased blood pressure in an affected limb Whooshing sounds (bruits) over your arteri","Lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet and exercising, are often the most appropriate treatment for atherosclerosis. Sometimes, medication or surgical procedures may be recommended as well. MedicationsVarious drugs can slow — or even reverse — t","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","Lifestyle changes can help you prevent or slow the progression of atherosclerosis. Stop smoking. Smoking damages your arteries. If you smoke or use tobacco in any form, quitting is the best way to halt the progression of atherosclerosis and reduce your ri","If you think you may have atherosclerosis or are worried about having atherosclerosis because of a strong family history of heart disease, make an appointment with your doctor to have your cholesterol level checked. Here's some information to help you get"
133,"2018-02-01 20:34:33","Arteriovenous fistula","To diagnose an arteriovenous fistula, your doctor will use a stethoscope to listen to the blood flow through the area where he or she thinks you may have a fistula. The blood flow through an arteriovenous fistula makes a sound similar to clicking or hummi","It's possible your doctor may suggest only monitoring your arteriovenous fistula, especially if it's small and doesn't cause any other health problems. Some small arteriovenous fistulas close by themselves without treatment. If your arteriovenous fistula ","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"If you think you may have an arteriovenous fistula, make an appointment with your primary care doctor. At some point, however, you may be referred to a blood vessel (vascular) or heart specialist (cardiologist). Because appointments can be brief, and beca"
134,"2018-02-01 20:34:34","Giant cell arteritis","Giant cell arteritis can be difficult to diagnose because its early symptoms resemble those of many common conditions. For this reason, your doctor will try to rule out other possible causes of your problem. To help diagnose giant cell arteritis, you may ","Treatment for giant cell arteritis consists of high doses of a corticosteroid drug such as prednisone. Because immediate treatment is necessary to prevent vision loss, your doctor is likely to start medication even before confirming the diagnosis with a b",,"When giant cell arteritis is diagnosed and treated early, the prognosis is usually excellent. Your symptoms will likely improve quickly after beginning corticosteroid treatment, and your vision isn't likely to be affected. Your greatest challenge in this ","You may start by seeing your primary care doctor. He or she may refer you to an eye specialist (ophthalmologist) if you're having visual symptoms, a brain and nervous system specialist (neurologist) if you're having headaches, or a specialist in diseases "
135,"2018-02-01 20:34:36","Takayasu's arteritis","Your doctor will ask you about your signs and symptoms, conduct a physical exam, and take your medical history. He or she may also have you undergo some of the following tests and procedures to help rule out other conditions that resemble Takayasu's arter","Treatment of Takayasu's arteritis focuses on controlling the inflammation with medications and preventing further damage to your blood vessels. The disease can sometimes be difficult to treat because even if you appear to be in remission the disease might","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"If your primary care doctor suspects you have Takayasu's arteritis, he or she may refer you to one or more specialists with experience in helping people with this condition. Takayasu's arteritis is a rare disorder that can be difficult to diagnose and tre"
136,"2018-02-01 20:34:37",Arthritis,"During the physical exam, your doctor will check your joints for swelling, redness and warmth. He or she will also want to see how well you can move your joints. Depending on the type of arthritis suspected, your doctor may suggest some of the following t","Arthritis treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and improving joint function. You may need to try several different treatments, or combinations of treatments, before you determine what works best for you. MedicationsThe medications used to treat arthrit","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","In many cases, arthritis symptoms can be reduced with the following measures: Weight loss. If you're obese, losing weight will reduce the stress on your weight-bearing joints. This may increase your mobility and limit future joint injury. Exercise. Regula","While you might first discuss your symptoms with your family doctor, he or she may refer you to a doctor who specializes in the treatment of joint problems (rheumatologist) for further evaluation. What you can doBefore your appointment, make a list that i"
137,"2018-02-01 20:34:39","Thumb arthritis","During a physical exam, your doctor will ask about your symptoms and look for noticeable swelling or lumps on your joints. Your doctor might hold your joint while moving your thumb, with pressure, against your wrist bone. If this movement produces a grind","In the early stages of thumb arthritis, treatment usually involves a combination of non-surgical therapies. If your thumb arthritis is severe, surgery might be necessary. Splint A splint can support your joint and limit the movement of your thumb and wris","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","To ease pain and improve joint mobility, try to: Modify hand tools. Consider purchasing adaptive equipment — such as jar openers, key turners and large zipper pulls — designed for people with limited hand strength. Replace traditional door handles, which ","You might be referred to a doctor who specializes in disorders of the joints (rheumatologist). What you can do Write down your symptoms, including any that may seem unrelated to the reason why you scheduled the appointment. Write down your key medical inf"
138,"2018-02-01 20:34:41",Gout,"Tests to help diagnose gout may include: Joint fluid test. Your doctor may use a needle to draw fluid from your affected joint. Urate crystals may be visible when the fluid is examined under a microscope. Blood test. Your doctor may recommend a blood test","Treatment for gout usually involves medications. What medications you and your doctor choose will be based on your current health and your own preferences. Gout medications can be used to treat acute attacks and prevent future attacks. Medications can als","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","Medications are often the most effective way to treat acute gout and can prevent recurrent attacks of gout. However, making certain lifestyle changes also are important, such as: Limiting alcoholic beverages and drinks sweetened with fruit sugar (fructose","Make an appointment with your doctor if you have symptoms that are common to gout. After an initial examination, your doctor may refer you to a specialist in the diagnosis and treatment of arthritis and other inflammatory joint conditions (rheumatologist)"
139,"2018-02-01 20:34:42","Septic arthritis","The following tests typically help diagnose septic arthritis: Joint fluid analysis. Infections can alter the color, consistency, volume and makeup of the fluid within your joints. A sample of this fluid can be withdrawn from your affected joint with a nee","Doctors rely on joint drainage and antibiotic drugs to treat septic arthritis. Joint drainageRemoving the infected joint fluid is crucial. Drainage methods include: Needle. In some cases, your doctor can withdraw the infected fluid with a needle inserted ",,,"If you have painful and inflamed joints, you're likely to start by seeing your family doctor. He or she may refer you to an orthopedic surgeon, infectious disease specialist or joint specialist (rheumatologist). Here's some information to help you get rea"
140,"2018-02-01 20:34:46","Juvenile idiopathic arthritis","Diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis can be difficult because joint pain can be caused by many different types of problems. No single test can confirm a diagnosis, but tests can help rule out some other conditions that produce similar signs and symp","Treatment for juvenile idiopathic arthritis focuses on helping your child maintain a normal level of physical and social activity. To accomplish this, doctors may use a combination of strategies to relieve pain and swelling, maintain full movement and str","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","Caregivers can help children learn self-care techniques that help limit the effects of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Techniques include: Getting regular exercise. Exercise is important because it promotes both muscle strength and joint flexibility. Swimm","If your pediatrician or family doctor suspects that your child has juvenile idiopathic arthritis, he or she may refer you to a doctor who specializes in arthritis (rheumatologist) to confirm the diagnosis and explore treatment. What you can doBefore the a"
141,"2018-02-01 20:34:47",Osteoarthritis,"During the physical exam, your doctor will closely examine your affected joint, checking for tenderness, swelling or redness, and for range of motion in the joint. Your doctor may also recommend imaging and lab tests. Imaging testsPictures of the affected","Currently, the process underlying osteoarthritis cannot be reversed, but symptoms can usually be effectively managed with lifestyle changes, physical and other therapies, medications, and surgery. Exercising and achieving a healthy weight are generally th","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","Lifestyle changes can make a significant difference in osteoarthritis symptoms. Other home treatments also might help. Some things to try include: Exercise. Exercise can increase your endurance and strengthen the muscles around your joint, making your joi","Although you may initially bring your concerns to your primary care doctor, he or she may refer you to a doctor who specializes in joint disorders (rheumatologist) or orthopedic surgery. What you can doYou may want to write a list that includes: Detailed "
142,"2018-02-01 20:34:49","Psoriatic arthritis","During the exam, your doctor may: Closely examine your joints for signs of swelling or tenderness Check your fingernails for pitting, flaking and other abnormalities Press on the soles of your feet and around your heels to find tender areas No single test","No cure exists for psoriatic arthritis, so treatment focuses on controlling inflammation in your affected joints to prevent joint pain and disability. MedicationsDrugs used to treat psoriatic arthritis include: NSAIDs. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","Protect your joints. Changing the way you carry out everyday tasks can make a tremendous difference in how you feel. For example, you can avoid straining your finger joints by using gadgets such as jar openers to twist the lids from jars, by lifting heavy","You're likely to first discuss your signs and symptoms with your family doctor. He or she may refer you to a doctor specializing in the treatment of arthritis and related disorders (rheumatologist). What you can doBefore your appointment, you may want to "
143,"2018-02-01 20:34:51","Reactive arthritis","During the physical exam, your doctor is likely to check your joints for signs and symptoms of inflammation, such as swelling, warmth and tenderness, and test range of motion in your spine and affected joints. Your doctor might also check your eyes for in","The goal of treatment is to manage your symptoms and treat an infection that could still be present. MedicationsIf your reactive arthritis was triggered by a bacterial infection, your doctor might prescribe an antibiotic if there is evidence of persistent",,,"You'll likely start by seeing your primary care provider, who might refer you to a doctor who specializes in arthritis (rheumatologist) for further evaluation. What you can doWhen you make the appointment, ask if there's anything you need to do in advance"
144,"2018-02-01 20:34:54","Rheumatoid arthritis","Rheumatoid arthritis can be difficult to diagnose in its early stages because the early signs and symptoms mimic those of many other diseases. There is no one blood test or physical finding to confirm the diagnosis. During the physical exam, your doctor w","There is no cure for rheumatoid arthritis. But recent discoveries indicate that remission of symptoms is more likely when treatment begins early with strong medications known as disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). MedicationsThe types of medic","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","You can take steps to care for your body if you have rheumatoid arthritis. These self-care measures, when used along with your rheumatoid arthritis medications, can help you manage your signs and symptoms: Exercise regularly. Gentle exercise can help stre","While you might first discuss your symptoms with your family doctor, he or she may refer you to a rheumatologist — a doctor who specializes in the treatment of arthritis and other inflammatory conditions — for further evaluation. What you can doWrite a li"
145,"2018-02-01 20:34:55",Asbestosis,"Asbestosis can be difficult to diagnose because its signs and symptoms are similar to those of many other types of respiratory diseases. A variety of diagnostic tests might be needed to help pinpoint the diagnosis. Imaging tests Chest X-ray. Advanced asbe","There's no treatment to reverse the effects of asbestos on the alveoli. Treatment focuses on slowing the progression of the disease and relieving symptoms. You'll need routine follow-up care, such as chest X-rays and lung function tests, at regular interv",,"Stop smoking. Asbestosis increases the risk of lung cancer. Quitting smoking can reduce this risk. Try to avoid secondhand smoke. Smoking might also cause emphysema, which further reduces your lung reserves. Get vaccinated. Talk to your doctor about flu a","You're likely to start by seeing your family doctor for the disorder's most common symptom — shortness of breath. He or she might refer you to a doctor specializing in lung problems (pulmonologist). What you can doBefore your appointment, you might want t"
146,"2018-02-01 20:34:58",Ascariasis,"In heavy infestations, it's possible to find worms after you cough or vomit, and the worms can come out of other body openings, such as your mouth or nostrils. If this happens to you, take the worm to your doctor to identify it and prescribe the proper tr",,,,"Your family doctor might refer you to a doctor specializing in disorders of the digestive system (gastroenterologist). You may need to consult a surgeon if the worms have blocked your intestines. What you can do Before your appointment, you may want to wr"
147,"2018-02-01 20:35:00","Atrial septal defect","Your or your child's doctor may first suspect an atrial septal defect or other heart defect during a regular checkup if he or she hears a heart murmur while listening to the heart using a stethoscope. If your doctor suspects you or your child has a heart ","Many atrial septal defects close on their own during childhood. For those that don't close, some small atrial septal defects don't cause any problems and may not require any treatment. But many persistent atrial septal defects eventually require surgery t","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","If you find out you have a congenital heart defect, or you've had surgery to correct one, you may wonder about limitations on activities and other issues. Exercise. Having an atrial septal defect usually doesn't restrict you from activities or exercise. I","If your doctor suspects an atrial septal defect, you or your child will likely be referred to a doctor trained in heart disorders (cardiologist). Because appointments can be brief, and there's often a lot to discuss, it's a good idea to arrive well-prepar"
148,"2018-02-01 20:35:01",Aspergillosis,"Diagnosing an infection caused by aspergillus mold can be difficult and depends on the type of aspergillus infection. Aspergillus is common in the environment and is sometimes found in the saliva and sputum of healthy people. What's more, it's hard to dis","Aspergillosis treatments vary with the type of disease. Possible treatments include: Observation. Simple, single aspergillomas often don't need treatment, and medications aren't usually effective in treating these fungal masses. Instead, aspergillomas tha","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"People who develop aspergillosis usually have an underlying condition, such as asthma or cystic fibrosis, or have a weakened immune system due to illness or to immune-suppressing medications. If you have symptoms of aspergillosis and are already being tre"
149,"2018-02-01 20:35:04",Asthma,"Physical exam To rule out other possible conditions — such as a respiratory infection or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) — your doctor will do a physical exam and ask you questions about your signs and symptoms and about any other health prob","Prevention and long-term control are key in stopping asthma attacks before they start. Treatment usually involves learning to recognize your triggers, taking steps to avoid them and tracking your breathing to make sure your daily asthma medications are ke","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","Although many people with asthma rely on medications to prevent and relieve symptoms, you can do several things on your own to maintain your health and lessen the possibility of asthma attacks. Avoid your triggers Taking steps to reduce your exposure asth","You're likely to start by seeing your family doctor or a general practitioner. However, when you call to set up an appointment, you may be referred to an allergist or a pulmonologist. Because appointments can be brief, and because there's often a lot of g"
150,"2018-02-01 20:35:08","Asthma attack","For adults and children over 5 years old, lung (pulmonary) function tests are used to check how well the lungs are working. Poor lung function is a sign that your asthma isn't well-controlled. In some cases, lung function tests are also used in asthma eme","If you and your doctor have worked out an asthma plan, follow its directions at the first sign of an asthma attack. This generally means taking two to six puffs of a quick-acting (rescue) inhaler to get airway-expanding medication, such as albuterol (ProA","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","All asthma attacks require treatment with a quick-acting (rescue) inhaler such as albuterol. One of the key steps in preventing an asthma attack is to avoid your triggers. If your asthma attacks seem to be set off by outside triggers, your doctor can help","Be prepared for your visit to your doctor so that you can get the most out of your appointment. At each visit: Take your asthma action plan with you when you see your doctor. If you haven't made one yet, work with your doctor to create one. This plan shou"
151,"2018-02-01 20:35:10","Childhood asthma","Asthma can be hard to diagnose. Your child's doctor will consider the nature and frequency of symptoms and may use tests to rule out other conditions and to identify the most likely cause of his or her symptoms. A number of childhood conditions can have s","The goal of asthma treatment is to keep symptoms under control all of the time. Well-controlled asthma means that your child has: Minimal or no symptoms Few or no asthma flare-ups No limitations on physical activities or exercise Minimal use of quick-reli","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","Taking steps to reduce your child's exposure to his or her asthma triggers will lessen the possibility of asthma attacks. Steps to help avoid triggers vary depending on what triggers your child's asthma. Here are some things that may help: Maintain low hu","You're likely to start by taking your child to your family doctor or your child's pediatrician. However, when you call to set up an appointment, you may be referred to an allergist, lung doctor (pulmonologist) or other specialist. Here's some information "
152,"2018-02-01 20:35:13","Exercise-induced asthma","SpirometerSpirometerA spirometer is a diagnostic device that measures the amount of air you're able to breathe in and out and the time it takes you to exhale completely after you take a deep breath. In addition to asking questions about your symptoms, you","Your doctor may prescribe drugs to take shortly before exercise or to take daily for long-term control. Pre-exercise medications Your doctor may prescribe a drug that you take before exercise to minimize or prevent exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Ta",,"Steps you can take to prevent or minimize symptoms of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction include the following: Do a 10-minute warm-up that varies in intensity before you begin regular exercise. Breathe through your nose to warm and humidify the air bef","You're likely to start by seeing your primary care doctor. He or she may refer you to a doctor who specializes in asthma (an allergist-immunologist or pulmonologist). Be prepared to answer the following questions: What symptoms have you experienced? Do th"
153,"2018-02-01 20:35:14","Occupational asthma","SpirometerSpirometerA spirometer is a diagnostic device that measures the amount of air you're able to breathe in and out and the time it takes you to exhale completely after you take a deep breath. Diagnosing occupational asthma is similar to diagnosing ","Avoiding the workplace irritant that causes your symptoms is critical. However, once you become sensitive to a substance, tiny amounts may trigger asthma symptoms, even if you wear a mask or respirator. You may need medications to control your symptoms an","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"You're likely to start by seeing your family doctor or a general practitioner. Or you may start by seeing a doctor who specializes in asthma (allergist-immunologist or pulmonologist). Here's some information to help you prepare for your appointment. What "
154,"2018-02-01 20:35:16",Astigmatism,"Astigmatism is diagnosed by an eye exam. A complete eye exam involves a series of tests to check your eye health and a refraction, which determines how your eyes bend light. Your eye doctor may use various instruments, aim bright lights directly at your e","The goal of treating astigmatism is to improve vision clarity and eye comfort. Treatments are corrective lenses or refractive surgery. Corrective lensesWearing corrective lenses treats astigmatism by counteracting uneven curvatures of your cornea and lens","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"You may encounter three kinds of specialists as you seek help for various eye conditions: Ophthalmologist. An ophthalmologist is an eye specialist with a doctor of medicine (M.D.) or a doctor of osteopathy (D.O.) degree who provides full eye care. This ca"
155,"2018-02-01 20:35:22",Ataxia,"If you have ataxia, your doctor will look for a treatable cause. Besides conducting a physical exam and a neurological exam, including checking your memory and concentration, vision, hearing, balance, coordination, and reflexes, your doctor might request ","There's no treatment specifically for ataxia. In some cases, treating the underlying cause resolves the ataxia, such as stopping medications that cause it. In other cases, such as ataxia that results from chickenpox or other viral infection, it's likely t","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"You're likely to start by seeing your family doctor or a general practitioner. In some cases, your doctor may refer you to a neurologist. Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment. What you can doWhen you make the appointment, ask"
156,"2018-02-01 20:35:25",Atelectasis,"To diagnose atelectasis and determine the underlying cause, your doctor may order tests, including: Chest X-ray. A chest X-ray usually can diagnose atelectasis. Occasionally, a foreign body, a common cause of obstructive atelectasis in children and adults","Treatment of atelectasis depends on the cause. Atelectasis of a small area of your lung may subside without treatment. If there's an underlying condition, such as a tumor, treatment may involve removal or shrinkage of the tumor with surgery, chemotherapy ",,,"Unless you require emergency care, you're likely to start by seeing your family doctor or a general practitioner. However, in some cases when you call to set up an appointment, you may be referred immediately to a lung specialist (pulmonologist). Here's s"
157,"2018-02-01 20:35:28","Athlete’s foot","In some cases, your doctor may be able to diagnose athlete's foot simply by looking at it. To help confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions, your doctor might: Take skin scrapings or samples from the infected area and view them under a microsco","If your athlete's foot is mild, your doctor may suggest using an over-the-counter antifungal ointment, lotion, powder or spray. If your athlete's foot doesn't respond, you may need a prescription-strength medication to apply to your feet. Severe infection",,,"Your primary care doctor or a skin specialist (dermatologist) can diagnose athlete's foot. You don't need any special preparations for an appointment to diagnose athlete's foot. What you can doBefore your appointment, you might want to write down a list o"
158,"2018-02-01 20:35:31","Atopic dermatitis (eczema)","No lab test is needed to identify atopic dermatitis (eczema). Your doctor will likely make a diagnosis by examining your skin and reviewing your medical history. He or she may also use patch testing or other tests to rule out other skin diseases or identi","Atopic dermatitis can be persistent. You may need to try various treatments over months or years to control it. And even if treatment is successful, signs and symptoms may return (flare). It's important to recognize the condition early so that you can sta","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","To help reduce itching and soothe inflamed skin, try these self-care measures: Moisturize your skin at least twice a day. Find a product or combination of products that works for you. You might try bath oils, creams, ointments or sprays. For a child, the ","You're likely to start by seeing your family or primary care doctor. But in some cases when you call to set up an appointment, you may be referred to a specialist in skin diseases (dermatologist). Here's some information to help you prepare for your appoi"
159,"2018-02-01 20:35:32","Atrial fibrillation","To diagnose atrial fibrillation, your doctor may review your signs and symptoms, review your medical history, and conduct a physical examination. Your doctor may order several tests to diagnose your condition, including: Electrocardiogram (ECG). An ECG us","The atrial fibrillation treatment that is most appropriate for you will depend on how long you've had atrial fibrillation, how bothersome your symptoms are and the underlying cause of your atrial fibrillation. Generally, the treatment goals for atrial fib","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","You may need to make lifestyle changes that improve the overall health of your heart, especially to prevent or treat conditions such as high blood pressure and heart disease. Your doctor may suggest several lifestyle changes, including: Eat heart-healthy ","If you think you may have atrial fibrillation, it is critical that you make an appointment with your family doctor. If atrial fibrillation is found early, your treatment may be easier and more effective. However, you may be referred to a doctor trained in"
160,"2018-02-01 20:35:36","Atrioventricular canal defect","Atrioventricular canal defect might be detected before birth through ultrasound and special heart imaging. After birth, signs and symptoms of complete atrioventricular canal defect are usually noticeable within the first few weeks. When listening to your ","Surgery is needed to repair complete and partial atrioventricular canal defects. The procedure involves closing the hole in the wall (septum) between the heart chambers with one or two patches. The patches stay in the heart permanently, becoming part of t",,,"You or your child might be referred to a doctor trained in heart conditions (cardiologist). What you can do Write down symptoms you or your child experiences, including any that may seem unrelated to the reason why you scheduled the appointment. Make a li"
161,"2018-02-01 20:35:40","Vaginal atrophy","Pelvic examPelvic examIn a pelvic exam, your physician inserts two gloved fingers inside your vagina. While simultaneously pressing down on your abdomen, he or she can examine your uterus, ovaries and other organs. Diagnosis of genitourinary syndrome of m","To treat genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM), your doctor may first recommend that you: Try a vaginal moisturizer (Replens, Vagisil Feminine Moisturizer, Hyalo Gyn, others) to restore some moisture to your vaginal area. You may have to apply the moi",,"If you're experiencing vaginal dryness or irritation, you may find relief if you: Try an over-the-counter moisturizer (Replens, Vagisil Feminine Moisturizer, others). This can restore some moisture to your vaginal area. Use an over-the-counter water-based","You'll probably start by discussing your symptoms with your primary care provider. If you aren't already seeing a doctor who specializes in women's health (gynecologist or internal medicine women's health specialist), your primary care provider may refer "
162,"2018-02-01 20:35:42","Reactive attachment disorder","A pediatric psychiatrist or psychologist can conduct a thorough, in-depth examination to diagnose reactive attachment disorder. Your child's evaluation may include: Direct observation of interaction with parents or caregivers Details about the pattern of ","Children with reactive attachment disorder are believed to have the capacity to form attachments, but this ability has been hindered by their experiences. Most children are naturally resilient. And even those who've been neglected, lived in a children's h","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"You may start by visiting your child's pediatrician. However, you may be referred to a child psychiatrist or psychologist who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of reactive attachment disorder or a pediatrician specializing in child development. H"
163,"2018-02-01 20:35:46","Atypical depression","These exams and tests can help your doctor rule out other problems that could be causing your symptoms, determine a diagnosis and check for any related complications: Physical exam. Your doctor may do a physical exam and ask in-depth questions about your ","Medications and talk therapy (psychotherapy) are effective for most people with depression, including atypical depression. Your primary care doctor or psychiatrist can prescribe medications to relieve symptoms. However, many people with atypical depressio",,"Depression generally isn't an illness that you can treat on your own. But in addition to professional treatment, these self-care steps can help: Stick to your treatment plan. Don't skip psychotherapy sessions or appointments. Even if you're feeling well, ","You may see your primary care doctor, or your doctor may refer you to a professional who specializes in mental health conditions. You may want to take a family member or friend along, if possible. Someone who comes with you may remember something that you"
164,"2018-02-01 20:35:49","Atypical hyperplasia of the breast","Atypical hyperplasia is usually discovered after a biopsy to evaluate a suspicious area found on a mammogram or during a clinical breast exam. During the biopsy, tissue samples are removed and sent for analysis by a specially trained doctor (pathologist).","Atypical hyperplasia is generally treated with surgery to remove the abnormal cells and to make sure no in situ or invasive cancer also is present in the area. Doctors often recommend more intensive screening for breast cancer and medications to reduce yo",,,"If a mammogram reveals a suspicious area in your breast, your doctor may refer you to a breast health specialist or a specialized breast center. What you can do Because appointments can be brief, and because there's often a lot of ground to cover, it's a "
165,"2018-02-01 20:35:50","Autism spectrum disorder","Your child's doctor will look for signs of developmental delays at regular checkups. If your child shows any symptoms of autism spectrum disorder, you'll likely be referred to a specialist who treats children with autism spectrum disorder, such as a child","No cure exists for autism spectrum disorder, and there is no one-size-fits-all treatment. The goal of treatment is to maximize your child's ability to function by reducing autism spectrum disorder symptoms and supporting development and learning. Early in",,,"Your child's health care provider will look for developmental problems at regular checkups. Mention any concerns you have during your appointment. If your child shows any signs of autism spectrum disorder, you'll likely be referred to a specialist who tre"
166,"2018-02-01 20:35:53","Autoimmune hepatitis","Liver biopsyLiver biopsyA liver biopsy is a procedure to remove a small sample of liver tissue for laboratory testing. A liver biopsy is commonly performed by inserting a thin needle through your skin and into your liver. Tests and procedures used to diag","Whatever type of autoimmune hepatitis you have, the goal of treatment is to slow or stop the immune system attack on your liver. This may help slow the progression of the disease. To meet this goal, you’ll need medications that lower immune-system activit","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"If you have any signs or symptoms that worry you, start by making an appointment with your primary care doctor. If your doctor suspects you may have autoimmune hepatitis, you may be referred to a specialist in liver diseases (hepatologist). Because appoin"
167,"2018-02-01 20:35:54","Autoimmune pancreatitis","Autoimmune pancreatitis is difficult to diagnose, because its signs and symptoms are very similar to those of pancreatic cancer. However, an accurate diagnosis is extremely important. Undiagnosed cancer may result in delaying or not receiving necessary su","Biliary stenting. Before starting medication, sometimes doctors will insert a tube to drain the biliary ducts (biliary stenting) in people with symptoms of obstructive jaundice. Often, though, jaundice improves with steroid treatment alone. Sometimes drai","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"Start by seeing your primary care doctor if you have signs or symptoms that worry you. If your doctor suspects you may have autoimmune pancreatitis, you may be referred to a gastroenterologist. Because appointments can be brief and because there's often a"
168,"2018-02-01 20:35:56","Autonomic neuropathy","Autonomic neuropathy is a possible complication of a number of diseases, and the tests you'll need often depend on your symptoms and risk factors for autonomic neuropathy. When you have known risk factors for autonomic neuropathy If you have conditions th","Treatment of autonomic neuropathy includes: Treating the underlying disease. The first goal of treating autonomic neuropathy is to manage the disease or condition damaging your nerves. For example, if the underlying cause is diabetes, you'll need to tight","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","Posture changes. Stand up slowly, in stages, to decrease dizziness. Sit with your legs dangling over the side of the bed for a few minutes before getting out of bed. Flex your feet and grip your hands for a few seconds before standing up, to increase bloo","First, you'll probably see your primary care physician. If you have diabetes, you may see your diabetes specialist (endocrinologist). However, you may be referred to a specialist in nerve disorders (neurologist). You may need to see other specialists depe"
169,"2018-02-01 20:35:59","Avascular necrosis","During a physical exam your doctor will likely press around your joints, checking for tenderness. Your doctor may also move the joints through a variety of positions to see if your range of motion has been reduced. Imaging tests Many disorders can cause j","The goal is to prevent further bone loss. Specific treatment usually depends on the amount of bone damage you already have. Medications and therapy In the early stages of avascular necrosis, symptoms can be reduced with medication and therapy. Your doctor","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"You may be referred to a doctor who specializes in disorders of the joints (rheumatologist) or to an orthopedic surgeon. What you can do Write down your symptoms, including any that may seem unrelated to the reason why you scheduled the appointment. Write"
170,"2018-02-01 20:36:01","Bird flu (avian influenza)","Laboratory testsSamples of fluids from your nose or throat can be tested for evidence of bird flu virus. These samples must be taken within the first few days after symptoms appear. Imaging testsX-rays may be useful in assessing the condition of your lung","Many influenza viruses have become resistant to the effects of a category of antiviral drugs that includes amantadine and rimantadine (Flumadine). Health officials recommend the use of oseltamivir (Tamiflu) or, if oseltamivir can't be used, zanamivir (Rel",,,"If you suspect that you have bird flu, you need to see your primary care doctor. Let people know you may have the flu, and ask for a surgical mask to wear during your visit. If you are very ill, you may need to be hospitalized. What you can do Symptom his"
171,"2018-02-01 20:36:03","Baby acne","Baby acne can usually be diagnosed on sight. No specific testing is needed.",,,"These tips are useful for caring for your baby's skin while he or she has acne: Keep your baby's face clean. Wash your baby's face daily with warm water and mild baby soap. Dry your baby's face gently. Simply pat your baby's skin dry. Don't pinch or scrub","If you're following a standard well-baby exam schedule, your baby will likely visit with your family doctor or pediatrician soon. These regular appointments offer a good opportunity to discuss concerns about your baby's health. For baby acne, some basic q"
172,"2018-02-01 20:36:07","Back pain","If you see your doctor for back pain, he or she will examine your back and assess your ability to sit, stand, walk and lift your legs. Your doctor might also ask you to rate your pain on a scale of zero to 10 and talk to you about how well you're function","Most acute back pain gets better with a few weeks of home treatment. Over-the-counter pain relievers and the use of heat or ice might be all you need. Bed rest isn't recommended. Continue your activities as much as you can tolerate. Try light activity, su","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"If your back pain lasts for a few days without improvement, make an appointment with your doctor. Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment. What you can do Write down key personal information, including mental or emotional stress"
173,"2018-02-01 20:36:11",Vaginitis,"To diagnose vaginitis, your doctor is likely to: Review your medical history. This includes your history of vaginal or sexually transmitted infections. Perform a pelvic exam. During the pelvic exam, your doctor may use an instrument (speculum) to look ins","A variety of organisms and conditions can cause vaginitis, so treatment targets the specific cause: Bacterial vaginosis. For this type of vaginitis, your doctor may prescribe metronidazole (Flagyl) tablets that you take by mouth or metronidazole (MetroGel",,"You'll need prescription medication to treat trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis and vaginal atrophy. If you know you have a yeast infection, you can take these steps: Use an over-the-counter medication specifically for yeast infections. Options include o","Your family doctor, gynecologist or another medical practitioner can diagnose and prescribe treatment for vaginitis. What you can doTo get ready for your appointment, make a list of: Your symptoms and how long you've had them Key personal information, inc"
174,"2018-02-01 20:36:12","Bacterial vaginosis","Pelvic examPelvic examIn a pelvic exam, your physician inserts two gloved fingers inside your vagina. While simultaneously pressing down on your abdomen, he or she can examine your uterus, ovaries and other organs. To diagnose bacterial vaginosis, your do","To treat bacterial vaginosis, your doctor may prescribe one of the following medications: Metronidazole (Flagyl, Metrogel-Vaginal, others). This medicine may be taken as a pill by mouth (orally). Metronidazole is also available as a topical gel that you i",,,"Try to schedule your appointment on a day when you don't have your period. That way, your primary care doctor or gynecologist can observe and evaluate your vaginal discharge without menstrual discharge getting in the way. Avoid using tampons and vaginal d"
175,"2018-02-01 20:36:13","Bad breath","Your dentist will likely smell both the breath from your mouth and the breath from your nose and rate the odor on a scale. Because the back of the tongue is most often the source of the smell, your dentist may also scrape it and rate its odor. There are s","To reduce bad breath, help avoid cavities and lower your risk of gum disease, consistently practice good oral hygiene. Further treatment for bad breath can vary, depending on the cause. If your bad breath is thought to be caused by an underlying health co",,"To reduce or prevent bad breath: Brush your teeth after you eat. Keep a toothbrush at work to use after eating. Brush using a fluoride-containing toothpaste at least twice a day, especially after meals. Toothpaste with antibacterial properties has been sh","If you're going to have your bad breath evaluated by your dentist, these tips can help: Dentists generally prefer morning appointments for testing bad breath to reduce the chances that foods you eat during the day will hinder the exam. Don't wear perfume,"
176,"2018-02-01 20:36:18","Baker's cyst","A Baker's cyst can often be diagnosed with a physical exam. However, because some of the signs and symptoms of a Baker's cyst mimic those of more-serious conditions, such as a blood clot, aneurysm or tumor, your doctor may order noninvasive imaging tests,","Sometimes a Baker's cyst will disappear on its own. However, if the cyst is large and causes pain, your doctor may recommend the following treatments: Medication. Your doctor may inject a corticosteroid medication, such as cortisone, into your knee to red",,"If your doctor determines that arthritis is causing the cyst, he or she may advise you to take some or all of the following steps: Follow the R.I.C.E. principles. These letters stand for rest, ice, compression and elevation. Rest your leg. Ice your knee. ","Here's some information to help you prepare for your appointment. What you can do Write down symptoms you have, including any that may seem unrelated to the reason for which you scheduled the appointment. Write down key personal information, including rec"
177,"2018-02-01 20:36:22","Balance problems","Posturography testPosturography testThe posturography test can be done with equipment that uses a virtual reality format to project a visual image that moves with you while you're tested. Rotary chair testRotary chair testThe rotary chair test analyzes ey",,"Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,
178,"2018-02-01 20:36:23","Mitral valve prolapse","Doctors may diagnose mitral valve prolapse at any age. Your doctor is most likely to diagnose mitral valve prolapse while listening to your heart with a stethoscope during a physical examination. If you have mitral valve prolapse, your doctor may hear a c","Most people with mitral valve prolapse, particularly people without symptoms, don't require treatment. If you have mitral valve regurgitation but don't have symptoms, your doctor may suggest you return regularly for follow-up examinations to monitor your ","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","Most people with mitral valve prolapse lead normal, productive and symptom-free lives. Doctors generally won't recommend restrictions on your lifestyle or any limitations on your personal exercise or dietary program. However, ask your doctor if he or she ","Because appointments can be brief, and because there's often a lot to discuss, it's a good idea to be prepared for your appointment. Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment and know what to expect from your doctor. What you can "
179,"2018-02-01 20:36:26",Folliculitis,"Your doctor is likely to diagnose folliculitis by looking at your skin and reviewing your medical history. He or she may use a technique for microscopic examination of the skin (dermoscopy). If initial treatments don't clear up your infection, your doctor","Treatments for folliculitis depend on the type and severity of your condition, what self-care measures you've already tried and your preferences. Options include medications and interventions such as laser hair removal. Even if treatment helps, the infect",,"Mild cases of folliculitis often improve with home care. The following approaches may help relieve discomfort, speed healing and prevent an infection from spreading: Apply a warm, moist washcloth or compress. Do this several times a day to relieve discomf","You're likely to start by seeing your primary care doctor. He or she may refer you to a doctor who specializes in skin disorders (dermatologist). To get the most from your appointment, it's a good idea to be well-prepared. Here's some information to help "
180,"2018-02-01 20:36:28","Barrett's esophagus","Endoscopy is generally used to determine if you have Barrett's esophagus. A lighted tube with a camera at the end (endoscope) is passed down your throat to check for signs of changing esophagus tissue. Normal esophagus tissue appears pale and glossy. In B","Treatment for Barrett's esophagus depends on the extent of abnormal cell growth in your esophagus and your overall health. No dysplasiaYour doctor will likely recommend: Periodic endoscopy to monitor the cells in your esophagus. If your biopsies show no d","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","Lifestyle changes can ease symptoms of GERD, which may underlie Barrett's esophagus. Consider: Maintaining a healthy weight. Eliminating foods and drinks that trigger your heartburn, such as chocolate, coffee, alcohol and mint. Stopping smoking. Raising t","Barrett's esophagus is most often diagnosed in people with GERD who are being examined for GERD complications. If your doctor discovers Barrett's esophagus on an endoscopy exam, you may be referred to a doctor who treats digestive diseases (gastroenterolo"
181,"2018-02-01 20:36:32","Basal cell carcinoma","In order to assess any growths or changes in your skin, your doctor or a specialist in skin conditions (dermatologist) will conduct a medical history and exam. History and general examYour doctor will conduct a general physical exam and ask you questions ","A number of treatments are available for basal cell carcinoma. What treatment is best for you depends on the type, location and size of your cancer, as well as your preferences and ability to do follow-up visits. Treatment selection can also depend on whe","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"The following information can help you prepare for an appointment. What you can do Write down your medical history, including other conditions for which you've been treated. Be sure to include any radiation therapy you may have received, even years ago. N"
182,"2018-02-01 20:36:33","Body dysmorphic disorder","After a medical evaluation to help rule out other medical conditions, your health care provider may make a referral to a mental health professional for further evaluation. Diagnosis of body dysmorphic disorder is typically based on: A psychological evalua","Treatment for body dysmorphic disorder often includes a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy and medications. Cognitive behavioral therapyCognitive behavioral therapy for body dysmorphic disorder focuses on: Helping you learn how negative thoughts,",,"Body dysmorphic disorder warrants treatment from a mental health professional. But you can do some things to build on your treatment plan, such as: Stick to your treatment plan. Don't skip therapy sessions, even if you don't feel like going. Even if you'r","Although you may start out talking with your primary care provider about your concerns, you'll likely be referred to a mental health professional, such as a psychiatrist or psychologist, for evaluation and treatment. What you can doBefore your appointment"
183,"2018-02-01 20:36:35",Bedbugs,"If you suspect that you're being bitten by bedbugs, immediately inspect your home for the insects. Thoroughly examine crevices in walls, mattresses and furniture. You may need to perform your inspection at night when bedbugs are active. Look for these sig",,,,"Most bedbug bites require no medical treatment. Talk to your doctor if you experience an allergic reaction to the bites or if you develop a skin infection after scratching the bites. What you can doYou may want to prepare a list that includes: A detailed "
184,"2018-02-01 20:36:36","Bedsores (pressure ulcers)","Your doctor will look closely at your skin to determine whether you have a pressure ulcer and how bad the damage is. He or she will try to assign a stage to the wound. Staging helps determine what treatment is best for you. He or she might also order a bl","Treating pressure ulcers involves reducing pressure on the affected skin, caring for the wounds, controlling pain, preventing infection and maintaining good nutrition. Treatment teamAddressing the many aspects of wound care usually requires a multidiscipl","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,
185,"2018-02-01 20:36:38",Bed-wetting,"Depending on the circumstances, your doctor may recommend the following to identify any underlying cause of bed-wetting and help determine treatment: Physical exam Discussion of symptoms, fluid intake, family history, bowel and bladder habits, and problem","Most children outgrow bed-wetting on their own. If treatment is needed, it can be based on a discussion of options with your doctor and identifying what will work best for your situation. If your child isn't especially bothered or embarrassed by an occasi",,"Here are changes you can make at home that may help: Limit fluids in the evening. It's important to get enough fluids, so there's no need to limit how much your child drinks in a day. However, encourage drinking liquids in the morning and early afternoon,","You're likely to start by seeing your child's pediatrician. However, he or she may refer you to a doctor who specializes in urinary disorders (pediatric urologist or pediatric nephrologist). Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointme"
186,"2018-02-01 20:36:40","Bee sting","If you've had a reaction to bee stings that suggests you might be allergic to bee venom, your doctor may suggest one or both of the following tests: Skin test. During skin testing, a small amount of allergen extract (in this case, bee venom) is injected i","Removing a bee's stingerRemoving a bee's stingerBe careful not to squeeze the attached venom sac when removing a stinger. For ordinary bee stings that do not cause an allergic reaction, home treatment is enough. Multiple stings or an allergic reaction, on",,"If a bee stings you or your child, follow the suggestions below. Treatment for minor reactions Remove the stinger as soon as you can, as it takes only seconds for all of the venom to enter your body. Get the stinger out any way you can, such as with your ","Bee and other insect stings are a common cause of anaphylaxis. If you've had a serious reaction to a bee sting but did not seek emergency treatment, consult your doctor. He or she may refer you to an allergy specialist (allergist) who can determine whethe"
187,"2018-02-01 20:36:44","Behcet's disease","No tests can determine definitively whether or not you have Behcet's disease. Instead, your doctor relies primarily on your signs and symptoms to diagnose Behcet's disease. He or she may conduct blood tests or other laboratory tests to rule out other cond","No cure exists for Behcet's disease. If you have a mild form of the condition, your doctor may offer medications to control temporary flares in pain and inflammation. You may not need to take medication between flares. If your signs and symptoms are more ",,,"You're likely to start by seeing your primary care doctor if you have signs and symptoms of Behcet's disease. He or she may refer you to a doctor who treats arthritis and other rheumatic illnesses (rheumatologist) to confirm a diagnosis of Behcet's diseas"
188,"2018-02-01 20:36:46","Bell's palsy","There's no specific test for Bell's palsy. Your doctor will look at your face and ask you to move your facial muscles by closing your eyes, lifting your brow, showing your teeth and frowning, among other movements. Other conditions — such as a stroke, inf","Most people with Bell's palsy recover fully — with or without treatment. There's no one-size-fits-all treatment for Bell's palsy, but your doctor may suggest medications or physical therapy to help speed your recovery. Surgery is rarely an option for Bell",,"Home treatment may include: Protecting the eye you can't close. Using lubricating eyedrops during the day and an eye ointment at night will help keep your eye moist. Wearing glasses or goggles during the day and an eye patch at night can protect your eye ","You'll likely start by seeing your family doctor or a general practitioner. However, in some cases when you call to set up an appointment, you may be referred immediately to a neurologist. It's good to prepare for your appointment. Here's some information"
189,"2018-02-01 20:36:49","Geographic tongue","Your physician or dentist can usually make a diagnosis of geographic tongue based on an examination of your tongue and your signs and symptoms. During the exam, your physician or dentist may: Use a lighted instrument to check your tongue and mouth Ask you","Geographic tongue typically doesn't require any medical treatment. Although geographic tongue can sometimes cause tongue discomfort, it's otherwise a harmless condition. To manage discomfort or sensitivity, your doctor may recommend medications such as: O",,"You may reduce discomfort associated with geographic tongue by avoiding or limiting substances that commonly aggravate sensitive oral tissues, such as spicy or acidic foods or beverages, as well as alcohol and tobacco.","If you're concerned about the appearance of your tongue, make an appointment with your dentist. What you can doPrepare questions ahead of time to make the most of your appointment. Basic questions to ask include: What's the likely cause of my condition? C"
190,"2018-02-01 20:36:52","Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)","Your doctor may do a series of tests to determine the cause of your dizziness. During a physical examination, your doctor will likely look for: Signs and symptoms of dizziness that are prompted by eye or head movements and then decrease in less than one m","The inner ear and canalith repositioningThe inner ear and canalith repositioningVertigo usually results from a problem with the nerves and structures of the balance mechanism in your inner ear (vestibular labyrinth). BPPV occurs when particles called otoc",,"If you experience dizziness associated with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), consider these tips: Be aware of the possibility of losing your balance, which can lead to falling and serious injury. Sit down immediately when you feel dizzy. Use g","Make an appointment with your doctor if you have symptoms common to BPPV. After an initial examination, your doctor may refer you to an ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialist or a doctor who specializes in the brain and nervous system (neurologist). Here's"
191,"2018-02-01 20:36:56","Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)","Your doctor will start by asking detailed questions about your symptoms and doing a physical exam. This initial exam is likely to include: Digital rectal exam. The doctor inserts a finger into the rectum to check your prostate for enlargement. Urine test.","A wide variety of treatments are available for enlarged prostate, including medication, minimally invasive therapies and surgery. The best treatment choice for you depends on several factors, including: The size of your prostate Your age Your overall heal","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","To help control the symptoms of an enlarged prostate, try to: Limit beverages in the evening. Don't drink anything for an hour or two before bedtime to avoid middle-of-the-night trips to the toilet. Limit caffeine and alcohol. They can increase urine prod","You might be referred directly to a doctor who specializes in urinary issues (urologist). What you can do Make a list of your symptoms, including any that may seem unrelated to the reason for which you scheduled the appointment. Keep track of how often an"
192,"2018-02-01 20:36:59","IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease)","IgA nephropathy is often detected after you notice blood in your urine or when a routine test shows you have protein or blood in your urine. These could be signs of several types of kidney disease. To identify your problem, these tests may be performed: U","There's no cure for IgA nephropathy and no definitive way of knowing what course the disease will take. Some people experience complete remission and others live normal lives with low-grade blood or protein in their urine (hematuria or proteinuria). Treat","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","To help keep your kidneys healthier: Take steps to reduce your blood pressure. Keeping your blood pressure levels near normal may help slow kidney damage from IgA nephropathy. Your doctor may recommend healthy changes in your diet — including limiting you","If you have signs and symptoms of IgA nephropathy, you're likely to start by seeing your primary care doctor. However, you may be referred to a doctor who specializes in treating kidney disorders (nephrologist). What you can doTo get ready for your appoin"
193,"2018-02-01 20:37:01","Cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer)","Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) uses a dye to highlight the bile ducts on X-ray images. A thin, flexible tube (endoscope) with ","Bile duct cancer consultation The results of your imaging tests will help guide your treatment. Treatments for cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer) may include: Surgery. When possible, doctors try to remove as much of the cancer as they can. For very sma","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"Start by making an appointment with your doctor if you have any signs or symptoms that worry you. He or she may recommend tests and procedures to investigate your signs and symptoms. If you doctor determines that you have cholangiocarcinoma, he or she may"
194,"2018-02-01 20:37:05","Bile reflux","A description of your symptoms is often enough for your doctor to diagnose a reflux problem. But distinguishing between acid reflux and bile reflux is difficult and requires further testing. You're also likely to have tests to check for damage to your eso","Lifestyle adjustments and medications can be very effective for acid reflux, but bile reflux is harder to treat. There is little evidence assessing the effectiveness of bile reflux treatments, in part because of the difficulty of establishing bile reflux ",,"Unlike acid reflux, bile reflux seems unrelated to lifestyle factors. But because many people experience both acid reflux and bile reflux, your symptoms may be eased by lifestyle changes: Stop smoking. Smoking increases the production of stomach acid and ","Make an appointment with your doctor if you have signs or symptoms common to bile reflux. After your doctor's initial evaluation, you may be referred to a specialist in digestive disorders (gastroenterologist). Here's some information to help you prepare "
195,"2018-02-01 20:37:08","Binge-eating disorder","To diagnose binge-eating disorder, your doctor may recommend a psychological evaluation, including discussion of your eating habits. Your doctor also may want you to have other tests to check for health consequences of binge-eating disorder, such as high ","The goals for treatment of binge-eating disorder are to reduce eating binges, and, when necessary, to lose weight. Because binge eating is so entwined with shame, poor self-image and other negative emotions, treatment also may address these and other psyc",,"Typically, treating binge-eating disorder on your own isn't effective. But in addition to professional help, you can take these self-care steps to reinforce your treatment plan: Stick to your treatment. Don't skip therapy sessions. If you have a meal plan","Treatment of binge-eating disorder may require a team approach that includes medical providers, mental health providers and dietitians with experience in eating disorders. Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointments, and what to ex"
196,"2018-02-01 20:37:11","Bipolar disorder","To determine if you have bipolar disorder, your evaluation may include: Physical exam. Your doctor may do a physical exam and lab tests to identify any medical problems that could be causing your symptoms. Psychiatric assessment. Your doctor may refer you","Treatment is best guided by a medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating mental health conditions (psychiatrist) who is skilled in treating bipolar and related disorders. You may have a treatment team that also includes a psychologist, soci","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","You'll probably need to make lifestyle changes to stop cycles of behavior that worsen your bipolar disorder. Here are some steps to take: Quit drinking or using recreational drugs. One of the biggest concerns with bipolar disorder is the negative conseque","You may start by seeing your primary care doctor or a psychiatrist. You may want to take a family member or friend along to your appointment, if possible, for support and to help remember information. What you can doBefore your appointment, make a list of"
197,"2018-02-01 20:37:13","Black hairy tongue","Diagnosis of black hairy tongue is based on appearance and possible causes or contributing factors. It also includes eliminating other conditions that may cause a similar appearance to the tongue, such as: Normal variations in tongue color (pigment) Foods","Black hairy tongue typically doesn't require medical treatment. Though unattractive, it's a temporary, harmless condition. Practicing good oral hygiene and eliminating factors that may contribute to the condition — such as avoiding tobacco use or irritati",,"To practice good oral health and to remove the tongue discoloration: Brush your tongue. Give your tongue a gentle brushing whenever you brush your teeth to remove dead cells, bacteria and food debris. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush or a flexible tongue sc","Here's information to help you get ready for your appointment, and to know what to expect from your doctor or dentist. What you can doBefore your appointment, make a list of: Any symptoms you're experiencing, including any that may seem unrelated to the r"
198,"2018-02-01 20:37:14","Bladder stones","Diagnosing bladder stones may involve: A physical exam. Your doctor will likely feel your lower abdomen to see if your bladder is enlarged (distended) or may perform a rectal exam to determine whether your prostate is enlarged. You'll also discuss any uri","Bladder stones generally need to be removed. Your doctor may recommend drinking a lot of water each day to help a small stone pass naturally. However, because bladder stones are often caused by the inability to empty the bladder completely, this may not b",,,"If you have signs and symptoms of bladder stones, you're likely to start by seeing your family doctor or a general practitioner. However, you may be referred to a doctor who specializes in treating disorders of the urinary tract (urologist). What you can "
199,"2018-02-01 20:37:16","Bladder cancer","Diagnosing bladder cancer Female cystoscopyFemale cystoscopyDuring a cystoscopy exam, your doctor inserts a thin, flexible device called a cystoscope through the urethra into the bladder. Cystoscopy allows your doctor to view your lower urinary tract to l","Treatment options for bladder cancer depend on a number of factors, including the type of cancer, grade of the cancer and stage of the cancer, which are taken into consideration along with your overall health and your treatment preferences. Bladder cancer","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"Start by seeing your family doctor or a primary doctor if you have any signs or symptoms that worry you. Your doctor may suggest tests and procedures to investigate your signs and symptoms. If your doctor suspects you may have bladder cancer, you may be r"
200,"2018-02-01 20:37:18","Urinary incontinence","It's important to determine the type of urinary incontinence that you have, and your symptoms often tell your doctor which type you have. That information will guide treatment decisions. Your doctor is likely to start with a thorough history and physical ","Treatment for urinary incontinence depends on the type of incontinence, its severity and the underlying cause. A combination of treatments may be needed. If an underlying condition is causing your symptoms, your doctor will first treat that condition. You","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","Problems with urine leakage may require you to take extra care to prevent skin irritation: Use a washcloth to clean yourself Allow your skin to air-dry Avoid frequent washing and douching because these can overwhelm your body's natural defenses against bl","If you have urinary incontinence, you're likely to start by seeing your primary care doctor. You may be referred to a doctor who specializes in urinary tract disorders (urologist), or if you're a woman, a gynecologist with special training in female bladd"