diagnosis_and_treatment.id,diagnosis_and_treatment.ts,diagnosis_and_treatment.title,diagnosis_and_treatment.diagnosis,diagnosis_and_treatment.treatment,diagnosis_and_treatment.clinical_trials,diagnosis_and_treatment.lifestyle_and_home_remedies,diagnosis_and_treatment.preparing_for_your_appointment,diagnosis_and_treatment.disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment_id
1,"2018-02-01 20:29:03","Abdominal aortic aneurysm","Abdominal aortic aneurysms are often found during an examination for another reason. For example, during a routine exam, your doctor may feel a pulsating bulge in your abdomen, though it's unlikely your doctor will be able to hear signs of an aneurysm thr","The goal of treatment is to prevent your aneurysm from rupturing. Generally, your treatment options are medical monitoring or surgery. Your doctor's decision depends on the size of the aortic aneurysm and how fast it's growing. Medical monitoringIf your a","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","If you've been diagnosed with an abdominal aortic aneurysm, your doctor will likely suggest that you avoid heavy lifting and vigorous physical activity as these can increase blood pressure, putting additional pressure on your aneurysm. Stress can raise yo","If you think you may have an abdominal aortic aneurysm, or are worried about your aneurysm risk because of a strong family history, make an appointment with your family doctor. If an aneurysm is found early, your treatment may be easier and more effective","{
    ""1"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 1,
        ""disease.id"": 1,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:55:39"",
        ""disease.title"": ""Abdominal aortic aneurysm"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""Abdominal aortic aneurysmAbdominal aortic aneurysmAn abdominal aortic aneurysm occurs when a lower portion of your body's main artery (aorta) becomes weakened and bulges. An abdominal aortic aneurysm is an enlarged area in the lower part of the aorta, the"",
        ""disease.symptoms"": ""Abdominal aortic aneurysms often grow slowly and usually without symptoms, making them difficult to detect. Some aneurysms will never rupture. Many start small and stay small, although many expand over time. Others expand quickly. Predicting how fast an a"",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": ""You should see your doctor if you have any of the symptoms listed above. The recommendations below are for those who have no symptoms. Because being male and smoking significantly increase the risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm, men ages 65 to 75 who have "",
        ""disease.causes"": ""Most aortic aneurysms occur in the part of your aorta that's in your abdomen. Although the exact cause of abdominal aortic aneurysms is unknown, a number of factors may play a role, including: Tobacco use. Cigarette smoking and other forms of tobacco use "",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": ""Abdominal aortic aneurysm risk factors include: Age. Abdominal aortic aneurysms occur most often in people age 65 and older. Tobacco use. Tobacco use is a strong risk factor for the development of an abdominal aortic aneurysm and a higher risk of rupture."",
        ""disease.complications"": ""Tears in one or more of the layers of the wall of the aorta (aortic dissection) or a ruptured aortic aneurysm are the main complications of abdominal aortic aneurysms. A ruptured aortic aneurysm can lead to life-threatening internal bleeding. In general, ""
    }
}"
2,"2018-02-01 20:29:04","Bartholin's cyst","To diagnose a Bartholin's cyst, your doctor may: Ask questions about your medical history Perform a pelvic exam Take a sample of secretions from your vagina or cervix to test for a sexually transmitted infection Recommend a test of the mass (biopsy) to ch","Often a Bartholin's cyst requires no treatment — especially if the cyst causes no signs or symptoms. When needed, treatment depends on the size of the cyst, your discomfort level and whether it's infected, which can result in an abscess. Treatment options",,"Daily soaking in warm water, several times a day, may be adequate to resolve an infected Bartholin's cyst or abscess. After a surgical procedure to treat an infected cyst or abscess, soaking in warm water is particularly important. Sitz baths help to keep","Your first appointment will likely be with either your primary care provider or a doctor who specializes in conditions that affect women (gynecologist). What you can do To prepare for your appointment: Write down your symptoms, including any that seem unr","{
    ""2"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 2,
        ""disease.id"": 2,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:55:41"",
        ""disease.title"": ""Bartholin's cyst"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""Bartholin's cystBartholin's cystThe Bartholin's glands are located on each side of the vaginal opening. They secrete fluid that helps lubricate the vagina. Sometimes the ducts of these glands become obstructed and fluid backs up, forming a cyst. The Barth"",
        ""disease.symptoms"": ""If you have a small, noninfected Bartholin's cyst, you may not notice it. If the cyst grows, you might feel a lump or mass near your vaginal opening. Although a cyst is usually painless, it can be tender. A full-blown infection of a Bartholin's cyst can o"",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": ""Call your doctor if you have a painful lump near the opening of your vagina that doesn't improve after two or three days of self-care — for instance, soaking the area in warm water (sitz bath). If the pain is severe, make an appointment with your doctor r"",
        ""disease.causes"": ""Experts believe that the cause of a Bartholin's cyst is a backup of fluid. Fluid may accumulate when the opening of the gland (duct) becomes obstructed, perhaps caused by infection or injury. A Bartholin's cyst can become infected, forming an abscess. A n"",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": """",
        ""disease.complications"": ""A Bartholin's cyst or abscess may recur and again require treatment. PreventionThere's no way to prevent a Bartholin's cyst. However, practicing safe sex — in particular, using a condom — and maintaining good hygiene habits may help to prevent infection o""
    }
}"
3,"2018-02-01 20:29:05","Absence seizure","EEG brain activityEEG brain activityAn EEG records the electrical activity of your brain via electrodes affixed to your scalp. EEG results show changes in brain activity that may be useful in diagnosing brain conditions, especially epilepsy and other seiz","Your doctor likely will start at the lowest dose of anti-seizure medication possible and increase the dosage as needed to control the seizures. Children may be able to taper off anti-seizure medications, under a doctor's supervision, after they've been se",,"Dietary therapyFollowing a diet that's high in fat and low in carbohydrates, known as a ketogenic diet, can improve seizure control. This is used only if traditional medications fail to control the seizures. This diet isn't easy to maintain, but is succes","You're likely to start by seeing your family doctor or a general practitioner. However, you'll probably be referred to a doctor who specializes in nervous system disorders (neurologist). Here's some information to help you get ready for the appointment. W","{
    ""3"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 3,
        ""disease.id"": 3,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:55:42"",
        ""disease.title"": ""Absence seizure"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""Absence seizures involve brief, sudden lapses of consciousness. They're more common in children than in adults. Someone having an absence seizure may look like he or she is staring blankly into space for a few seconds. Then, there is a quick return to a n"",
        ""disease.symptoms"": """",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": """",
        ""disease.causes"": ""Many children appear to have a genetic predisposition to absence seizures. In general, seizures are caused by abnormal electrical impulses from nerve cells (neurons) in the brain. The brain's nerve cells normally send electrical and chemical signals acros"",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": ""Certain factors are common to children who have absence seizures, including: Age. Absence seizures are more common in children between the ages of 4 and 14. Sex. Absence seizures are more common in girls. Family members who have seizures. Nearly half of c"",
        ""disease.complications"": ""While most children outgrow absence seizures, some: Must take anti-seizure medications throughout life to prevent seizures Eventually have full convulsions, such as generalized tonic-clonic seizures Other complications can include: Learning difficulties B""
    }
}"
4,"2018-02-01 20:29:06","Acanthosis nigricans","Acanthosis nigricans is typically detected during a skin exam. Rarely, a small skin sample is removed (biopsied) for examination in a lab. If the cause of acanthosis nigricans is unclear, your doctor may recommend blood tests, X-rays or other tests to loo","In many situations, treating the underlying problem can help fade the discoloration. Examples may include: Losing weight. If your acanthosis nigricans is caused by obesity, losing weight may help. Stopping medications or supplements. If your condition see",,,"You're likely to start by seeing your family doctor. He or she may refer you to a doctor who specializes in skin disorders (dermatologist) or hormone problems (endocrinologist). Because appointments can be brief and there's often a lot of ground to cover,","{
    ""4"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 4,
        ""disease.id"": 4,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:55:45"",
        ""disease.title"": ""Acanthosis nigricans"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""Acanthosis nigricansAcanthosis nigricansAcanthosis nigricans is a skin condition that causes a dark discoloration in body folds and creases. It typically affects the armpits, groin and neck. Acanthosis nigricans is a skin condition characterized by areas "",
        ""disease.symptoms"": ""Skin changes are the only signs of acanthosis nigricans. You'll notice dark, thickened, velvety skin in body folds and creases — typically in your armpits, groin and back of the neck. The skin changes usually appear slowly. The affected skin may also have"",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": ""Consult your doctor if you notice changes in your skin — especially if the changes appear suddenly. You may have an underlying condition that needs treatment."",
        ""disease.causes"": ""Acanthosis nigricans has been associated with: Insulin resistance. Most people who have acanthosis nigricans have also become resistant to insulin. Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas that allows your body to process sugar. Insulin resistance is"",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": ""Acanthosis nigricans risk factors include: Obesity. The heavier you are, the higher your risk of acanthosis nigricans. Race. Studies show that in the United States, acanthosis nigricans is more common among Native Americans. Family history. Some types of "",
        ""disease.complications"": ""People who have acanthosis nigricans are much more likely to develop type 2 diabetes.""
    }
}"
5,"2018-02-01 20:29:07",Achalasia,"Achalasia can be overlooked or misdiagnosed because it has symptoms similar to other digestive disorders. To test for achalasia, your doctor is likely to recommend: Esophageal manometry. This test measures the rhythmic muscle contractions in your esophagu",,"Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,,"{
    ""5"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 5,
        ""disease.id"": 5,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:55:46"",
        ""disease.title"": ""Achalasia"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""Achalasia is a rare disorder that makes it difficult for food and liquid to pass into your stomach. Achalasia occurs when nerves in the tube connecting your mouth and stomach (esophagus) become damaged. As a result, the esophagus loses the ability to sque"",
        ""disease.symptoms"": """",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": """",
        ""disease.causes"": """",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": """",
        ""disease.complications"": """"
    }
}"
6,"2018-02-01 20:29:09","Achilles tendinitis","During the physical exam, your doctor will gently press on the affected area to determine the location of pain, tenderness or swelling. He or she will also evaluate the flexibility, alignment, range of motion and reflexes of your foot and ankle. Imaging t","Tendinitis usually responds well to self-care measures. But if your signs and symptoms are severe or persistent, your doctor might suggest other treatment options. Medications If over-the-counter pain medications — such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, oth",,"Self-care strategies include the following steps, often known by the acronym R.I.C.E.: Rest. You may need to avoid exercise for several days or switch to an activity that doesn't strain the Achilles tendon, such as swimming. In severe cases, you may need ","You'll likely first bring your symptoms to the attention of your family doctor. He or she might refer you to a doctor specializing in sports medicine or physical and rehabilitative medicine (physiatrist). If your Achilles tendon has ruptured, you may need","{
    ""6"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 6,
        ""disease.id"": 6,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:55:48"",
        ""disease.title"": ""Achilles tendinitis"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""Achilles tendinitis is an overuse injury of the Achilles (uh-KILL-eez) tendon, the band of tissue that connects calf muscles at the back of the lower leg to your heel bone. Achilles tendinitis most commonly occurs in runners who have suddenly increased th"",
        ""disease.symptoms"": ""Achilles tendinitisAchilles tendinitisAchilles tendinitis is an overuse injury of the Achilles (uh-KILL-eez) tendon, the band of tissue that connects calf muscles at the back of the lower leg to your heel bone. The pain associated with Achilles tendinitis"",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": ""If you experience persistent pain around the Achilles tendon, call your doctor. Seek immediate medical attention if the pain or disability is severe. You may have a torn (ruptured) Achilles tendon."",
        ""disease.causes"": ""Achilles tendinitis is caused by repetitive or intense strain on the Achilles tendon, the band of tissue that connects your calf muscles to your heel bone. This tendon is used when you walk, run, jump or push up on your toes. The structure of the Achilles"",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": ""A number of factors may increase your risk of Achilles tendinitis, including: Your sex. Achilles tendinitis occurs most commonly in men. Age. Achilles tendinitis is more common as you age. Physical problems. A naturally flat arch in your foot can put more"",
        ""disease.complications"": ""Achilles tendinitis can weaken the tendon, making it more vulnerable to a tear (rupture) — a painful injury that usually requires surgical repair. PreventionWhile it may not be possible to prevent Achilles tendinitis, you can take measures to reduce your ""
    }
}"
7,"2018-02-01 20:29:09","Achilles tendon rupture","During the physical exam, your doctor will inspect your lower leg for tenderness and swelling. Your doctor might be able to feel a gap in your tendon if it has ruptured completely. The doctor might ask you to kneel on a chair or lie on your stomach with y","Treatment for a ruptured Achilles tendon often depends on your age, activity level and the severity of your injury. In general, younger and more active people, particularly athletes, tend to choose surgery to repair a completely ruptured Achilles tendon, ",,,"People with an Achilles tendon rupture commonly seek immediate treatment at a hospital's emergency department. You might also need to consult with doctors specializing in sports medicine or orthopedic surgery. What you can doWrite a list that includes: De","{
    ""7"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 7,
        ""disease.id"": 7,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:55:53"",
        ""disease.title"": ""Achilles tendon rupture"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""Achilles tendon ruptureAchilles tendon ruptureThe Achilles tendon is a strong fibrous cord that connects the muscles in the back of your calf to your heel bone. If you overstretch your Achilles tendon, it can tear (rupture). Achilles (uh-KILL-eez) tendon "",
        ""disease.symptoms"": """",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": """",
        ""disease.causes"": ""Your Achilles tendon helps you point your foot downward, rise on your toes and push off your foot as you walk. You rely on it virtually every time you walk and move your foot. Rupture usually occurs in the section of the tendon situated within 2 1/2 inche"",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": ""Factors that may increase your risk of Achilles tendon rupture include: Age. The peak age for Achilles tendon rupture is 30 to 40. Sex. Achilles tendon rupture is up to five times more likely to occur in men than in women. Recreational sports. Achilles te"",
        ""disease.complications"": """"
    }
}"
8,"2018-02-01 20:29:11","Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)","EndoscopyEndoscopyAn endoscopy procedure involves inserting a long, flexible tube (endoscope) down your throat and into your esophagus. A tiny camera on the end of the endoscope lets your doctor examine your esophagus, stomach and the beginning of your sm","GERD surgeryGERD surgerySurgery for GERD may involve a procedure to reinforce the lower esophageal sphincter called Nissen fundoplication. In this procedure, the surgeon wraps the top of the stomach around the lower esophagus. This reinforces the lower es","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","Lifestyle changes may help reduce the frequency of acid reflux. Try to: Maintain a healthy weight. Excess pounds put pressure on your abdomen, pushing up your stomach and causing acid to reflux into your esophagus. Stop smoking. Smoking decreases the lowe","You may be referred to a doctor who specializes in the digestive system (gastroenterologist). What you can do Be aware of any pre-appointment restrictions, such as restricting your diet before your appointment. Write down your symptoms, including any that","{
    ""8"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 8,
        ""disease.id"": 8,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:55:56"",
        ""disease.title"": ""Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""How heartburn and GERD occurHow heartburn and GERD occurAcid reflux occurs when the sphincter muscle at the lower end of your esophagus relaxes at the wrong time, allowing stomach acid to back up into your esophagus. This can cause heartburn and other sig"",
        ""disease.symptoms"": """",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": ""Seek immediate medical care if you have chest pain, especially if you also have shortness of breath, or jaw or arm pain. These may be signs and symptoms of a heart attack. Make an appointment with your doctor if you: Experience severe or frequent GERD sym"",
        ""disease.causes"": ""GERD is caused by frequent acid reflux. When you swallow, a circular band of muscle around the bottom of your esophagus (lower esophageal sphincter) relaxes to allow food and liquid to flow into your stomach. Then the sphincter closes again. If the sphinc"",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": ""Conditions that can increase your risk of GERD include: Obesity Bulging of the top of the stomach up into the diaphragm (hiatal hernia) Pregnancy Connective tissue disorders, such as scleroderma Delayed stomach emptying"",
        ""disease.complications"": ""Over time, chronic inflammation in your esophagus can cause: Narrowing of the esophagus (esophageal stricture). Damage to the lower esophagus from stomach acid causes scar tissue to form. The scar tissue narrows the food pathway, leading to problems with ""
    }
}"
9,"2018-02-01 20:29:14","Infant reflux","Your doctor will start with a physical exam and questions about your baby's symptoms. If your baby is healthy, growing as expected and seems content, then further testing usually isn't needed. If further testing is needed, your doctor might recommend: Ult","Infant reflux usually clears up by itself. In the meantime, your doctor might recommend: Giving your baby smaller, more-frequent feedings. Interrupting feedings to burp your baby. Holding your baby upright for 20 to 30 minutes after feedings. Eliminating ",,"To minimize reflux: Feed your baby in an upright position. Also hold your baby in a sitting position for 30 minutes after feeding, if possible. Gravity can help stomach contents stay where they belong. Be careful not to jostle or jiggle your baby while th","If reflux continues after your child's first birthday, or if your child is having symptoms such as lack of weight gain and breathing problems, you might be referred to a doctor who specializes in children's digestive diseases (pediatric gastroenterologist","{
    ""9"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 9,
        ""disease.id"": 9,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:55:57"",
        ""disease.title"": ""Infant reflux"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""How infant reflux occursHow infant reflux occursIf the muscle (lower esophageal sphincter) between the esophagus and the stomach relaxes at the wrong time, stomach contents might flow up the baby's esophagus. Infant reflux occurs when food backs up (reflu"",
        ""disease.symptoms"": ""Infant reflux generally isn't a cause for concern. It's very unusual for the stomach contents to have enough acid to irritate the throat or esophagus and to cause signs and symptoms."",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": ""See your baby's doctor if your baby: Isn't gaining weight Consistently spits up forcefully, causing stomach contents to shoot out of his or her mouth (projectile vomiting) Spits up green or yellow fluid Spits up blood or a material that looks like coffee "",
        ""disease.causes"": ""In infants, the ring of muscle between the esophagus and the stomach — the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) — is not yet fully mature. That allows stomach contents to flow backward. Eventually, the LES will open only when your baby swallows and will remai"",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": """",
        ""disease.complications"": ""Infant reflux usually clears up by itself without causing problems for your baby. If your baby has a more-serious condition such as GERD, he or she might show signs of poor growth. Some research indicates that babies who have frequent episodes of spitting""
    }
}"
10,"2018-02-01 20:29:15","ACL injury","During the physical exam, your doctor will check your knee for swelling and tenderness — comparing your injured knee to your uninjured knee. He or she also may move your knee into a variety of positions to assess range of motion and overall function of th","Prompt first-aid care can reduce pain and swelling immediately after an injury to your knee. Follow the R.I.C.E. model of self-care at home: Rest. General rest is necessary for healing and limits weight bearing on your knee. Ice. When you're awake, try to","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"The pain and disability associated with an ACL injury prompt many people to seek immediate medical attention. Others may make an appointment with their family doctors. Depending upon the severity of your injury, you may be referred to a doctor specializin","{
    ""10"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 10,
        ""disease.id"": 10,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:56:00"",
        ""disease.title"": ""ACL injury"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""ACL injuryACL injuryThe anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the key ligaments that help stabilize your knee joint. The ACL connects your thighbone (femur) to your shinbone (tibia). It's most commonly torn during sports that involve sudden stops and"",
        ""disease.symptoms"": """",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": ""Seek immediate care if any injury to your knee causes signs or symptoms of an ACL injury. The knee joint is a complex structure of bones, ligaments, tendons and other tissues that work together. It's important to get a prompt and accurate diagnosis to det"",
        ""disease.causes"": ""Ligaments are strong bands of tissue that connect one bone to another. The ACL, one of two ligaments that cross in the middle of the knee, connects your thighbone (femur) to your shinbone (tibia) and helps stabilize your knee joint. Most ACL injuries happ"",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": ""Women are more likely to have an ACL injury than are men who participate in the same sports. Studies have suggested some reasons for these differences in risk. In general, women athletes exhibit a strength imbalance in their thighs with the muscles at the"",
        ""disease.complications"": ""People who experience an ACL injury are at higher risk of developing knee osteoarthritis, in which joint cartilage deteriorates and its smooth surface roughens. Arthritis may occur even if you have surgery to reconstruct the ligament. Multiple factors lik""
    }
}"
11,"2018-02-01 20:29:16","Acoustic neuroma","Acoustic neuroma ear exam at Mayo Clinic A thorough physical exam, including an ear exam, is often the first step in acoustic neuroma diagnosis and treatment. Acoustic neuroma is often difficult to diagnose in the early stages because signs and symptoms m","Acoustic neuroma surgery at Mayo Clinic Surgical removal of the tumor by an experienced neurosurgeon is one of many acoustic neuroma treatment options at Mayo Clinic. Your acoustic neuroma treatment may vary, depending on the size and growth of the acoust","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"You're likely to start by seeing your family doctor or a general practitioner. Your doctor may then refer you to a doctor trained in ear, nose and throat conditions or a doctor trained in brain and nervous system surgery (neurosurgeon). Because there's of","{
    ""11"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 11,
        ""disease.id"": 12,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:56:05"",
        ""disease.title"": ""Acoustic neuroma"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""Acoustic neuroma (vestibular schwannoma) Acoustic neuroma (vestibular schwannoma) An acoustic neuroma (vestibular schwannoma) is a benign tumor that develops on the balance (vestibular) and hearing, or auditory (cochlear) nerves leading from your inner ea"",
        ""disease.symptoms"": """",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": """",
        ""disease.causes"": ""The cause of acoustic neuromas appears to be a malfunctioning gene on chromosome 22. Normally, this gene produces a tumor suppressor protein that helps control the growth of Schwann cells covering the nerves. What makes this gene malfunction isn't clear, "",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": ""Autosomal dominant inheritance patternAutosomal dominant inheritance patternIn an autosomal dominant disorder, the mutated gene is a dominant gene located on one of the nonsex chromosomes (autosomes). You need only one mutated gene to be affected by this "",
        ""disease.complications"": ""An acoustic neuroma may cause a variety of permanent complications, including: Hearing loss Facial numbness and weakness Difficulties with balance Ringing in the ear Large tumors may press on your brainstem, preventing the normal flow of fluid between you""
    }
}"
12,"2018-02-01 20:29:20",HIV/AIDS,"HIV is most commonly diagnosed by testing your blood or saliva for antibodies to the virus. Unfortunately, it takes time for your body to develop these antibodies — usually up to 12 weeks. A quicker test checks for HIV antigen, a protein produced by the v","There's no cure for HIV/AIDS, but many different drugs are available to control the virus. Such treatment is called antiretroviral therapy, or ART. Each class of drug blocks the virus in different ways. ART is now recommended for everyone, regardless of C","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","Along with receiving medical treatment, it's essential to take an active role in your own care. The following suggestions may help you stay healthy longer: Eat healthy foods. Fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein help keep you strong","If you think you might have HIV infection, you're likely to start by seeing your family doctor. You may be referred to an infectious disease specialist. What you can doBefore your appointment, consider answering these questions and take them to your docto","{
    ""12"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 12,
        ""disease.id"": 13,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:56:06"",
        ""disease.title"": ""HIV/AIDS"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a chronic, potentially life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). By damaging your immune system, HIV interferes with your body's ability to fight the organisms that cause dise"",
        ""disease.symptoms"": ""The symptoms of HIV and AIDS vary, depending on the phase of infection."",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": ""If you think you may have been infected with HIV or are at risk of contracting the virus, see a health care provider as soon as possible."",
        ""disease.causes"": ""HIV is caused by a virus. It can spread through sexual contact or blood, or from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth or breast-feeding. How does HIV become AIDS?HIV destroys CD4 T cells — white blood cells that play a large role in helping your b"",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": ""When HIV/AIDS first appeared in the United States, it mainly affected men who had sex with men. However, now it's clear that HIV also spreads through heterosexual sex. Anyone of any age, race, sex or sexual orientation can be infected. However, you're at "",
        ""disease.complications"": ""HIV infection weakens your immune system, making you much more likely to develop numerous infections and certain types of cancers. Infections common to HIV/AIDS Tuberculosis (TB). In resource-limited nations, TB is the most common opportunistic infection ""
    }
}"
13,"2018-02-01 20:29:24",Acromegaly,"To begin the diagnostic process, your doctor will take a medical history and conduct a physical exam. Then he or she may recommend the following steps: GH and IGF-I measurement. After you've fasted overnight, your doctor will take a blood sample to measur","Treatment focuses on lowering your production of GH, as well as reducing the negative effects of the tumor on the pituitary gland and surrounding tissues. You may need more than one type of treatment. Surgery Endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal surgeryE",,,"You're likely to start by seeing your family doctor or a general practitioner. However, in some cases, you may be referred immediately to a doctor who specializes in hormonal disorders (endocrinologist). It's good to prepare for your appointment. Here's s","{
    ""13"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 13,
        ""disease.id"": 14,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:56:09"",
        ""disease.title"": ""Acromegaly"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""Person with acromegalyPerson with acromegalyAcromegaly is a disorder characterized by an enlarged face and hands. As the face changes shape, the jaw may protrude, the nose may enlarge, and the lips may thicken. Acromegaly is a hormonal disorder that devel"",
        ""disease.symptoms"": """",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": ""If you have signs and symptoms associated with acromegaly, contact your doctor for an evaluation. Acromegaly usually develops slowly, and even your family members may not initially notice the gradual physical changes that occur with this disorder. Early d"",
        ""disease.causes"": ""Pituitary gland and hypothalamusPituitary gland and hypothalamusThe pituitary gland and the hypothalamus are situated within the brain and control hormone production. Acromegaly is caused by the pituitary gland overproducing growth hormone (GH) over time."",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": """",
        ""disease.complications"": ""Progression of acromegaly can result in major health problems. Complications may include: High blood pressure (hypertension) Cardiovascular disease, particularly enlargement of the heart (cardiomyopathy) Osteoarthritis Diabetes mellitus Goiter Precancerou""
    }
}"
14,"2018-02-01 20:29:27","Actinic keratosis","Your doctor will likely be able to determine whether you have an actinic keratosis simply by examining your skin. If there's any doubt, he or she may do other tests, such as a skin biopsy. During a skin biopsy, your doctor takes a small sample of your ski","An actinic keratosis sometimes disappears on its own, but it typically returns after more sun exposure. Because it's impossible to tell which patches or lesions will develop into skin cancer, actinic keratoses are usually removed as a precaution. Medicati",,,"You're likely to start by seeing your family doctor or primary care doctor. In some cases when you call to set up an appointment, you may be referred directly to a specialist in skin diseases (dermatologist). What you can doYour time with your doctor is l","{
    ""14"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 14,
        ""disease.id"": 15,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:56:11"",
        ""disease.title"": ""Actinic keratosis"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""Actinic keratosisActinic keratosisActinic keratoses are scaly spots or patches on the top layer of skin. With time the spots or patches may become hard with a wart-like surface. An actinic keratosis (ak-TIN-ik ker-uh-TOE-sis) is a rough, scaly patch on yo"",
        ""disease.symptoms"": """",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": """",
        ""disease.causes"": ""An actinic keratosis is caused by frequent or intense exposure to UV rays, from the sun or from tanning beds."",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": ""Anyone can develop actinic keratoses. But you may be more likely to develop the condition if you: Are older than 40 Live in a sunny climate Have a history of frequent or intense sun exposure or sunburn Have red or blond hair, and blue or light-colored eye"",
        ""disease.complications"": ""If treated early, almost all actinic keratoses can be cleared up or removed before they develop into skin cancer. If left untreated, some of these spots may progress to squamous cell carcinoma — a type of cancer that usually isn't life-threatening if dete""
    }
}"
15,"2018-02-01 20:29:30","Acute coronary syndrome","If you have signs or symptoms associated with acute coronary syndrome, an emergency room doctor will likely order several tests. Some tests may be performed while your doctor is asking you questions about your symptoms or medical history. Tests include: E","Immediate treatment goals are to relieve pain and distress, improve blood flow, and restore heart function as quickly and as best as possible. Long-term treatment goals are to improve overall heart function, manage risk factors and lower the risk of a hea","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","An important step to prevent a heart attack is to make changes in your lifestyle that promote heart health and lower your risk of heart disease. These interventions include the following: Don't smoke. If you smoke, quit. Talk to your doctor if you need he","If you experience the sudden onset of chest pain or other symptoms of acute coronary syndrome, get emergency care immediately or call 911. Your description of symptoms provides important information to help an emergency medical team make a diagnosis. Be p","{
    ""15"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 15,
        ""disease.id"": 16,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:56:13"",
        ""disease.title"": ""Acute coronary syndrome"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""Acute coronary syndrome is a term used to describe a range of conditions associated with sudden, reduced blood flow to the heart. One condition under the umbrella of acute coronary syndrome is myocardial infarction (heart attack) — when cell death results"",
        ""disease.symptoms"": """",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": """",
        ""disease.causes"": ""Acute coronary syndrome usually results from the buildup of fatty deposits (plaques) in and on the walls of coronary arteries, the blood vessels delivering oxygen and nutrients to heart muscles. When a plaque deposit ruptures or splits, a blood clot forms"",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": ""The risk factors for acute coronary syndrome are the same as those for other types of heart disease. Acute coronary syndrome risk factors include: Older age (older than 45 for men and older than 55 for women) High blood pressure High blood cholesterol Cig"",
        ""disease.complications"": """"
    }
}"
16,"2018-02-01 20:29:32","Sweet's syndrome","Your dermatologist might be able to diagnose Sweet's syndrome simply by looking at the lesions. But you're likely to have certain tests to rule out conditions that have similar symptoms and to search for the underlying cause. These tests include: Blood te","Sweet's syndrome may go away without treatment. But medications can speed the process dramatically. The most common medications used for Sweet's syndrome are corticosteroids, which come in a variety of forms, including: Pills. Oral corticosteroids, such a",,,"Your primary care doctor is likely to refer you to a dermatologist for diagnosis and treatment of Sweet's syndrome. Here's some information to help you get ready for your appointment. What you can doBefore your appointment, make a list of: Symptoms you've","{
    ""16"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 16,
        ""disease.id"": 17,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:56:17"",
        ""disease.title"": ""Sweet's syndrome"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""Sweet's syndromeSweet's syndromeSweet's syndrome is an uncommon skin condition marked by a distinctive eruption of tiny bumps that enlarge and are often tender to the touch, usually appearing on your back, neck, arms or face. Sweet's syndrome is a rare sk"",
        ""disease.symptoms"": """",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": """",
        ""disease.causes"": ""In most cases, the cause of Sweet's syndrome isn't known. Sweet's syndrome is sometimes associated with cancer, most often leukemia. Occasionally, this disorder may be associated with a solid tumor, such as breast or colon cancer. Sweet's syndrome may als"",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": ""Sweet's syndrome is uncommon, but certain factors increase your risk, including: Sex. In general, women are more likely to have Sweet's syndrome than are men. Age. Though older adults and even infants can develop Sweet's syndrome, the condition mainly aff"",
        ""disease.complications"": ""There is a risk of the skin lesions becoming infected. Follow your doctor's recommendations for caring for the affected skin. In cases where Sweet's syndrome is associated with cancer, the eruptions of the lesions may be the first sign of cancer either ap""
    }
}"
17,"2018-02-01 20:29:33","Guillain-Barre syndrome","Guillain-Barre syndrome can be difficult to diagnose in its earliest stages. Its signs and symptoms are similar to those of other neurological disorders and may vary from person to person. Your doctor is likely to start with a medical history and thorough","There's no cure for Guillain-Barre syndrome. But two types of treatments can speed recovery and reduce the severity of the illness: Plasma exchange (plasmapheresis). The liquid portion of part of your blood (plasma) is removed and separated from your bloo",,,"You may be referred to a doctor who specializes in disorders of the brain and nervous system (neurologist). What you can do Write down your symptoms, including any that may seem unrelated to the reason why you scheduled the appointment. Make a list of all","{
    ""17"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 17,
        ""disease.id"": 18,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:56:20"",
        ""disease.title"": ""Guillain-Barre syndrome"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""Nerve and damaged myelin sheathNerve and damaged myelin sheathGuillain-Barre syndrome destroys the protective covering of the peripheral nerves (myelin sheath), preventing the nerves from transmitting signals to the brain. Guillain-Barre (gee-YAH-buh-RAY)"",
        ""disease.symptoms"": ""Guillain-Barre syndrome often begins with tingling and weakness starting in your feet and legs and spreading to your upper body and arms. In about half of people with the disorder, symptoms begin in the arms or face. As Guillain-Barre syndrome progresses,"",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": ""Call your doctor if you have mild tingling in your toes or fingers that doesn't seem to be spreading or getting worse. Seek emergency medical help if you have any of these severe signs or symptoms: Tingling that started in your feet or toes and is now mov"",
        ""disease.causes"": ""The exact cause of Guillain-Barre syndrome isn't known. The disorder usually appears days or weeks after a respiratory or digestive tract infection. Rarely, recent surgery or immunization can trigger Guillain-Barre syndrome. Recently, there have been a fe"",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": ""Guillain-Barre syndrome can affect all age groups. But you're at slightly greater risk if: You're a man You're a young adult"",
        ""disease.complications"": ""Guillain-Barre syndrome affects your nerves. Because nerves control your movements and body functions, people with Guillain-Barre may experience: Breathing difficulties. The weakness or paralysis can spread to the muscles that control your breathing, a po""
    }
}"
18,"2018-02-01 20:29:35","Acute kidney failure","If your signs and symptoms suggest that you have acute kidney failure, your doctor may recommend certain tests and procedures to verify your diagnosis. These may include: Urine output measurements. The amount of urine you excrete in a day may help your do","Treatment for acute kidney failure typically requires a hospital stay. Most people with acute kidney failure are already hospitalized. How long you'll stay in the hospital depends on the reason for your acute kidney failure and how quickly your kidneys re","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.","During your recovery from acute kidney failure, your doctor may recommend a special diet to help support your kidneys and limit the work they must do. Your doctor may refer you to a dietitian who can analyze your current diet and suggest ways to make your","Most people are already hospitalized when they develop acute kidney failure. If you or a loved one develops signs and symptoms of kidney failure, bring up your concerns with your doctor or nurse. If you aren't in the hospital, but have signs or symptoms o","{
    ""18"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 18,
        ""disease.id"": 19,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:56:23"",
        ""disease.title"": ""Acute kidney failure"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""Kidney cross sectionKidney cross sectionYour blood flows through your kidneys, which are the key organs in the complex system that removes excess fluid and waste material from the blood. Blood that flows into your kidneys is diffused through filtering str"",
        ""disease.symptoms"": ""Signs and symptoms of acute kidney failure may include: Decreased urine output, although occasionally urine output remains normal Fluid retention, causing swelling in your legs, ankles or feet Drowsiness Shortness of breath Fatigue Confusion Nausea Seizur"",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": ""Make an appointment with your doctor if you have any signs or symptoms of acute kidney failure."",
        ""disease.causes"": ""Acute kidney failure can occur when: You have a condition that slows blood flow to your kidneys You experience direct damage to your kidneys Your kidneys' urine drainage tubes (ureters) become blocked and wastes can't leave your body through your urine Im"",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": ""Acute kidney failure almost always occurs in connection with another medical condition or event. Conditions that can increase your risk of acute kidney failure include: Being hospitalized, especially for a serious condition that requires intensive care Ad"",
        ""disease.complications"": ""Potential complications of acute kidney failure include: Fluid buildup. Acute kidney failure may lead to a buildup of fluid in your lungs, which can cause shortness of breath. Chest pain. If the lining that covers your heart (pericardium) becomes inflamed""
    }
}"
19,"2018-02-01 20:29:38","Acute liver failure","Tests and procedures used to diagnose acute liver failure include: Blood tests. Blood tests are done to determine how well your liver works. A prothrombin time test measures how long it takes your blood to clot. With acute liver failure, blood doesn't clo","People with acute liver failure are often treated in the intensive care unit of a hospital in a facility that can perform a liver transplant, if necessary. Your doctor may try to treat the liver damage itself, but in many cases, treatment involves control","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"If your doctor suspects you have acute liver failure, you'll likely be admitted to a hospital for treatment. Most people with acute liver failure are treated in an intensive care unit. What you can doIf you have been diagnosed with acute liver failure, he","{
    ""19"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 19,
        ""disease.id"": 21,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:56:26"",
        ""disease.title"": ""Acute liver failure"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""Acute liver failure is loss of liver function that occurs rapidly — in days or weeks — usually in a person who has no pre-existing liver disease. Acute liver failure is less common than chronic liver failure, which develops more slowly. Acute liver failur"",
        ""disease.symptoms"": """",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": ""Acute liver failure can develop quickly in an otherwise healthy person, and it is life-threatening. If you or someone you know suddenly develops a yellowing of the eyes or skin; tenderness in the upper abdomen; or any unusual changes in mental state, pers"",
        ""disease.causes"": ""Acute liver failure occurs when liver cells are damaged significantly and are no longer able to function. Potential causes include: Acetaminophen overdose. Taking too much acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) is the most common cause of acute liver failure in "",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": """",
        ""disease.complications"": ""Acute liver failure often causes complications, including: Excessive fluid in the brain (cerebral edema). Too much fluid causes pressure to build up in your brain. Bleeding and bleeding disorders. A failing liver cannot make enough clotting factors, which""
    }
}"
20,"2018-02-01 20:29:42","Acute lymphocytic leukemia","Acute lymphocytic leukemia consultation A Mayo Clinic physician talks with a man about his diagnosis. Bone marrow biopsyBone marrow biopsyIn a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, a doctor or nurse uses a thin needle to remove a small amount of liquid bone ","In general, treatment for acute lymphocytic leukemia falls into separate phases: Induction therapy. The purpose of the first phase of treatment is to kill most of the leukemia cells in the blood and bone marrow and to restore normal blood cell production.","Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.",,"Make an appointment with your family doctor or a general practitioner if you or your child has signs and symptoms that worry you. If your doctor suspects acute lymphocytic leukemia, you'll likely be referred to a doctor who specializes in treating disease","{
    ""20"": {
        ""disease_x_diagnosis_and_treatment.id"": 20,
        ""disease.id"": 22,
        ""disease.ts"": ""2018-02-01 04:56:28"",
        ""disease.title"": ""Acute lymphocytic leukemia"",
        ""disease.overview"": ""Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is a type of cancer of the blood and bone marrow — the spongy tissue inside bones where blood cells are made. The word \"acute\" in acute lymphocytic leukemia comes from the fact that the disease progresses rapidly and creat"",
        ""disease.symptoms"": """",
        ""disease.when_to_see_a_doctor"": ""Make an appointment with your doctor or your child's doctor if you notice any persistent signs and symptoms that concern you. Many signs and symptoms of acute lymphocytic leukemia mimic those of the flu. However, flu signs and symptoms eventually improve."",
        ""disease.causes"": ""Acute lymphocytic leukemia occurs when a bone marrow cell develops errors in its DNA. The errors tell the cell to continue growing and dividing, when a healthy cell would normally stop dividing and eventually die. When this happens, blood cell production "",
        ""disease.risk_factors"": ""Factors that may increase the risk of acute lymphocytic leukemia include: Previous cancer treatment. Children and adults who've had certain types of chemotherapy and radiation therapy for other kinds of cancer may have an increased risk of developing acut"",
        ""disease.complications"": """"
    }
}"